Chu-yun was among the youngest of the three generations of Mainland monks who arrived in Taiwan in 1949. This article examines his experience and Buddhist activities. On the one hand, I attempt to understand problems in the accomodation and development of a young Mainland monk in Taiwan. On the other hand, I explore the contributions and position of Chu-yun in the history of Taiwanese Buddhism. This particular case can help us to understand the peculiar experience and temporal significance of the attempt to apply a "Mainland Buddhist model" to Taiwan after the war. The article is divided into two major sections. First I examine Chu-yun's experience on the Mainland and the influence of this experience on his activities in Taiwan. On his arrival in Taiwan, Chu-yun was a young monk fresh out of a Buddhist academy with little experience in monastic administration. Hence, while his experience in the Mainland provided him with training in scholarship and practice (in particular his experience at P'u- t'o-shan was useful in his work in Taiwan), on arriving in Taiwan, Chu-yun had virtually no social connections or financial support. In the second part of the article I discuss the process of Chu-yun's personal development and his Buddhist activities after he came to Taiwan. This discussion is divided into three stages. In the first stage Chu-yun faced problems of adaptation to and incorporation into Taiwanese society. In this section I explore how Chu-yun went from being a wandering monk to administering a monastery. I also how Chu-yun faced problems in the relationship between monks from the Mainland and monks native to Taiwan. In the second stage Chu-yun faced problems of finances and environment. In this section I examine how Chu-yun administered his monastery and related activities, as well as the administrative difficulties he faced owing to his poor health. At the same time I discuss Chuyun's response to the confrontation between Buddhism and Christianity. In the third stage Chu-yun faced problems of innovation and expansion. In this section I discuss the reasons behind Chu-yun's decision to establish meditation retreats (ching-chin fo-ch'I), as well as the reasons for the popular success of these retreats under his leadership, that is, the social background of the time. I also discuss the development of the institution of these retreats after Chu-yun's death. Finally, based on the preceding discussion, I conclude that Chu-yun was a representative of popular Buddhism and the retreat movement in Taiwan up to the mid 1980s.