共享經濟是近年來興起的創新商業模式,鑒于其迥異于傳統經濟,既有規則不能完全滿足其規制需求,應進行規制創新。目前,各地政府對車輛共享和房屋共享等代表性共享經濟類型的規制態度分為三種:明令禁止、未明確表態和明確允許。上述差異性規制策略表明共享經濟規制理念和邏輯存在分歧。按照理念—原則—方法的分析思路,法律對共享經濟的規制,首先應彰顯鼓勵創新的理念;其次,應貫徹激勵性規制、創新規制、差異性規制和公共性規制原則;再次,應采取法律關系類型化的規制策略鎖定規制點。平臺法律地位、勞動關系、競爭法則是共享經濟規制的核心問題。共享經濟對既有法律體系造成巨大沖擊,其具有交易結構橫向化、主體多元化、客體零散化等特征,法律規制涉及勞動法、合同法、競爭法、稅法、知識產權法等諸多領域,應進行體系性規制和回應。

The sharing economy has emerged as an innovative business model in recent years.Given that it is very different from the traditional economy,existing rules are not a good fit for its regulatory requirements:innovative regulation is needed.At present,local governments have three different responses to the sharing of vehicles,dwellings and other forms of the sharing economy:explicit prohibition,sitting on the fence and explicit approval.These differential regulatory strategies show that there is some divergence over the concept and logic of regulating the sharing economy.According to the idea—principle—method analytical approach,legal regulation of the sharing economy should give priority to the idea of encouraging innovation;then,it should implement the principles of incentive regulation,innovation regulation,differential regulation and public regulation;and lastly,it should lock in regulatory points by adopting such regulatory strategies as the categorization of legal relations.The legal status of platforms,labor relations and competition law are the core issues in regulating the sharing economy,which has had a great impact upon existing legal systems:it has made transactions horizontal,diversified participants and fragmented the goods and services being shared.The sharing economy’s legal regulation involves a number of fields including labor law,contract law,competition law,tax law and intellectual property law,so requires a systemic regulatory response