政府行為研究是中國社會學研究的一個重要領域,產生了大量優秀的研究成果,這與政府主導的中國特色發展模式密不可分。社會學在分析政府行為時先后形成了三種范式:利益結構分析、制度分析、邁向有歷史維度的政府行為分析。它們相繼迭起,與改革進程和地方政府行為的變化緊密聯系在一起,反映了中國改革進程的豐富性和復雜性。與經濟學、政治學的視角不同,社會學的政府行為研究在分析政府與企業、市場的關系時,更加注重社會關系的作用。社會關系及其運作方式既是解釋改革前期鄉鎮企業繁榮和政企關系的關鍵因素,也是解釋"項目制"下政策失靈現象的深層次原因。圍繞社會關系在政府行為中的作用問題,社會學視角的研究呈現出豐富多樣的努力,并逐步突破了"國家與社會"的二元分析范式。其中,邁向具有歷史維度的社會學研究已經超出政府行為研究的特定領域和范圍,它對社會學的中國化和建設有中國特色的社會學都有著極為重要的意義。

Research on government behavior is an important field in Chinese sociology that has produced many valuable results,which are closely connected to the governmentled development model with Chinese characteristics.There have been three successive paradigms in the sociological analysis of government action:analysis of interest structures,analysis of institutions and analysis that is moving toward the historical dimension of government behavior.The three paradigms are closely related to the reform process and changes in local government behavior;they reflect the richness and complexity of China’s reform process.Unlike the economic or political approach,sociological research on government behavior directs more attention to the role of social relations in the analysis of government relations with enterprises and the market.Social relations and their mode of operation are not only a key factor in explaining the flourishing of township and village enterprises and government/enterprise relations in the early stage of reform,but also the underlying reason for the failure of the policy under the project system.On the question of the role played by social relations in government behavior,sociological research exhibits a rich and varied array of essays while also making a breakthrough in the binary analytical paradigm of"state and society."Such sociological research has advanced toward a historical dimension that already transcends the specific area and scope of government behavior,a development that is of great significance for the Sinicization of sociology and the construction of a sociology with Chinese characteristics.