Two main purposes were being investigated in the study: (1) To explore nessasary counseling skills for nursing practitioners to deal with paitients’ bio-psycho-social problem. (2) To develop a health counseling skill training program for nursing college students and assess its effects.
The research contained two different stages. The first stage of the research was “Needs assessment of health counseling skills for nurses in chronic ward”. Focus group interviews were conducted to collect opinions from different perspectives, including patients, nurses, nursing assistants, college nursing students, and nursing college instructors. The result revealed that patients and their family members did expect nurses to have the ability to help them cope with desease related questions. Five most necessary counseling skills that a nurse was expected to have were identified as following: (1) Gaining patients’ trust and cooperation by professional skills and attitudes. (2)Being able to educate patients regarding to health issues. (3) Paying attetion and being sensitive to patients’ bio-psycho-social problems. (4)Assisting patients’ to establish their social support system and hopes. (5) Being able to control and adjust emotional status of both nurses and patients.
Based on the findings of the first stage, Health Counseling Skill Training Program(HCSTP) for nurses working in chronic ward was designed. Three groups were formed to complete the second stage of the research. In the first group, HCSTP was conducted and assessed in the class of “Counseling Theories and Skills”. By contrast, “Interpersonal Relationship Training Program(IRTP)” was designed and examined in the second group and assessed in “Interpersonal Relationship” class. Third group, consitituted by untrained nursing college students, was formed as a controlling group. In order to assess the effects of HCSTP and IRTP, two instruments were thus designed by the researcher : (1)Nurse-Patient Interaction Scale and (2)Health Counseling Skill Practice Scale. Data obtained were analyzed by one-way analysis of covariance. The result of the second stage generally supported the four assumptions of the research.
Combining two stages of the study, two major results were found: (1) HCSTP showed significant effects than IRTP regarding to the impovement of students’ efficacy on nurse-patient interaction. (2) By assessing students, role-play patients,and counselors, HCSTP showed significant effects than IRTP and non- trained student group on the improvement of health counseling skills for college nursing students.
Based on the results of this study, implications and suggestions were proposed for chronic illness and nursing education. Further possible research directions were discussed at the end.