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題名:政府資助中小企業創新政策績效架構研擬
作者:李鳳梧
作者(外文):Feng-wu Lee
校院名稱:國立中山大學
系所名稱:公共事務管理研究所
指導教授:朱斌妤
李雅靖
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2010
主題關鍵詞:研究發展小型企業創新研發計畫(SBIR)計畫評估創新科專計畫Technology Development Program Government subsidyInnovation PolicyR&D ManagementSmall Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program evaluation
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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創新研發是建構國家競爭優勢和知識經濟的主要驅動力,而中小企業對於技
術發展和經濟環境所產生的應變與彈性對國家整體競爭力與技術創新扮演著關
鍵角色。因此,如何提供適當的激勵與誘因措施,促進中小企業之創新行為、強
化中小企業之創新能力,以帶動經濟更進一步成長,已成為各國科技暨創新政策
中極為重視的一環。有鑑於此,我國經濟部於1999年開始執行「小型企業創新研
發計畫」(Small Business Innovation Research,簡稱SBIR計畫)。截至2009年止,
我國中小企業共提出5,877件研究計畫申請補助,經技術初審與指導委員會確認
審後,已通過3,352件創新研究計畫,通過比例約為56.98%。政府補助金額累計
達新台幣67.9億元,並帶動中小企業再投入研究經費達116.67億元,且透過這些
創新研究,中小企業將有益於提高技術水準、產業競爭力及傳統產業的升級與轉
型。
本研究重點為:
1. 將利害關係人的概念納入分析架構:本研究藉由對相關利害關係人(參與
計畫廠商、未通過計畫廠商、未申請廠商、民間顧問業者、審查委員、政府
官員)的訪談與觀察,以有效瞭解不同利害關係人對於計畫的投入與相關限
制,使得政策效益可以正確被評量,不被低估。
2. 擴大投入產出分析架構:結合過往科專計畫的評估模型(RICE, IROT,
GIPTOE 等)將政策的目的和長期的計畫擴散效果加入投入產出的模型。透
過對廠商的訪談與文獻資料建構一結合目的與不同利害關係人投入的長期
投入產出模型。
3. 整合模式建立:建構一結合廠商創新行為、政策資源配置和專案績效評估
的整合模型。透過訪談與問卷因素分析建構出廠商參與計畫的影響因素。並
經由動機因素的加入建構出廠商創新行為模型。並結合政府的政策影響所產
生的資源配置,進一步結合專案績效分析,建構一包含動機目的、利害關係
人投入、創新行為、計畫成果和長期計畫效益的整合評估模型。
4. 調查與大規模深入訪談相關政策利害關係人以瞭解SBIR 計畫的執行與建
議。也根據研究結果,提出政策建議,包括目前廠商執行的成效、創新能力、
創新障礙、未來計畫方向、計畫審查制度的優缺點等,俾利作為政府目前執
行及未來政策規劃之參考。
Government support for applied Research and Development (R&D) persisted in
the US despite evidence to the contrary. Many provide government R&D funding for
enterprises of particular interest and a number of countries have substantially
increased their expenditure on R&D. SBIR as a means of funding high-risk R&D
with broad commercial and societal benefits that would not be undertaken by a single
company, either because the risk was too high or because a large enough share of the
benefits of success would not accrue to the company for it to make the investment.
Therefore, the program’s goal is to the development and application of new, enabling
technologies that individual firms would not or pursue on their own and thereby
encourage the economic growth that comes from the commercialization and use of
new technologies in the private sector. However, very few studies of R&D policy
toward innovative subsidy program in developing country. Public programs to
subsidize high-technology firms have represented a significant but little-studied area
of public expenditures. This article assesses the long-run success of firms
participating in the SBIR program in Taiwan. The plan of this research is as follows.
The purpose of this search in Taiwan is to study the impact of
government-industry R&D programs on private R&D. The research has 3 important
aspects. First, using a questionnaire to understand the enterprises intention and
behavior which have participated in the “Small Business Innovation Research
(SBIR)” this paper first examines whether government R&D subsidies influence
firm’s innovative activities. Second, this paper examines what the correlation is
between government funding and private R&D expenditures. Finally, this research
conducted 67 important interviews from enterprises. Not only the multi-methodology
comparisons, the empirical results aimed at:
1) Examine the role of public/private partnerships (PP/Ps) as an instrument to
leverage public investment in strategy technology and innovation and to achieve
other goals of technology and innovation policy;
2) Identify the critical factors determining the success of R&D subsidy program for
innovation, with an emphasis on programme design, financial arrangement, and
evaluation
3) Government R&D subsidies have a significant positive effect or not on firm’s R&D
expenditure / employment / firm-financed R&D spending.
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