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題名：台灣生物科技產業策略聯盟、社會資本、 知識取得與聯盟績效之相關研究
作者：廖珮茹 引用關係
作者(外文)：Pei Ju Liao
校院名稱：長庚大學
系所名稱：企業管理研究所博士班
指導教授：許光宏
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2011
主題關鍵詞：生物科技產業；策略聯盟；知識取得；社會資本；智慧資本；財務績效；Biotech Industry；Biotech Industry；Social Capital；Knowledge Acquisition；Intellectual Capital；Financial Performance
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台灣生技產業尚處於發展前期，廠商對於生技產業的發展經驗不足，且由於多為中小企業廠商，在資源有限的情況下，廠商多以策略聯盟來攫取互補性資源，以縮短產品研發時程，為公司爭取最大效益。策略聯盟連結了策略夥伴，形成了合作網絡，過去研究指出，廠商若能在網絡互動中強化其社會資本，則能提昇策略聯盟績效。組織學習理論認為，聯盟夥伴在互動中會自然產生知識交流，知識內化之後將轉變為組織的能力，而後反應到良好的組織績效，本研究據此將知識取得作為聯盟學習成效指標。研究除了測量有形的財務績效外，亦納入智慧資本之測量，作為組織績效指標。鑑於少有完整模型探討其因果關係，本研究乃以台灣生技廠商之社會資本、策略聯盟、知識取得、組織績效等關係，進行模型建立，驗證假說的真偽。
本研究以台灣新興生技產業為研究標的，並以其中研發導向相對較高的『生技製藥』、『生醫檢驗儀器與材料』、『生技/製藥服務』次產業為研究母體，以結構式問卷測量台灣生技廠商的社會資本、知識取得、智慧資本、財務績效，共取得40份有效問卷；並利用複迴歸分析、路徑分析二種統計方法同時驗證假說模型。研究主要發現：1)生技公司之社會資本與知識取得具有因果顯著相關；2) 社會資本關係構面與智慧資本結構構面具正向直接關聯；而社會資本結構構面及認知構面則須經過知識取得的路徑，間接影響智慧資本中人力資本專業性構面；3)聯盟知識取得對智慧資本中人力資本專業性構面有正向影響；4)智慧資本中關係構面及人力資本經驗構面則與公司財務績效有正向影響，而智慧資本之人力資本專業性構面則與公司財務績效呈現負相關。
根據本研究結果，可提供企業、投資者、政府相關單位以下建議：1)社會資本不僅為聯盟績效的促進因子，亦有助於智慧資本之累積，故生技公司應重視社會資本之營造，且應三構面平衡發展；2)廠商之智慧資本，可反應出生技廠商現有的發展狀態，並推估其未來獲利潛能，故宜與財務指標搭配作為資源投入的參考。
The biotech industry is under the premature stage of development. Most biotech companies are classified as SMEs with limited resources and insufficient in industrial experience. Therefore, strategic alliance was adopted as the popular activity for acquiring complementary resources and accelerating development of biotech products. The primary goal of strategic alliance is to develop network relationships with their target allies with which can improve the corporate social capital and the subsequent performance. According to the theory of organizational learning, the organizational performance was increased by the preceding improvements of organizational capability, which was augmented through knowledge exchanges and acquisitions following interactions among alliance parties. In addition to knowledge acquisitions, this study adopted intellectual capital and financial indicators as the organizational performance. Consequently, this study aims to test hypothesis and to construct causal models from constructs of social capital, strategic alliance, knowledge acquisition, and organizational performance in biotech industry, a knowledge based R&D industry.
The emerging biotech industry was selected as the primary target of study population, which included three highly R&D oriented core sub-industries as biopharmaceuticals, biomedical test device and materials, and biotechnology/pharmaceutical services. A structured and validated questionnaire was applied to measure study constructs on 40 biotech companies in Taiwan. A multiple linear regression analysis and a path analysis were utilized to test the predetermined hypothesis and causality models.
The major findings of this study were shown as follows. 1) Social capital was found as an independent predictor of knowledge acquisitions instead of playing as a moderator between alliances and knowledge acquisitions. 2) Relational construct of social capital was found to have direct effects on structural construct of intellectual capital but not through knowledge acquisitions. However, structural construct and cognitive construct of social capital were demonstrated as indirect predictors of human professional construct of intellectual capital through knowledge acquisitions. 3) Knowledge acquisitions from alliance were positively associated with human professional construct of intellectual capital. 4) Relational construct and human experience construct of intellectual capital were positively associated with financial performance. However, a negative association was found between human professional construct of intellectual capital and financial performance.
This study has provided comprehensive information for causal paths among important constructs from strategic alliance to organizational performance in biotech industry. The derived management implications of this study are shown beneficiary to all players in the biotech industry including corporate managers, investors, and policy makers. Biotech companies under emerging industry shall place more attentions on all constructs of corporate social capital in which may enhance the acquisition of knowledge and accumulation of intellectual capital. Intellectual capital may be adopted as a prominent and leading indicator beyond financial performance among biotech companies in determining resource allocations and investments.
中文文獻
《2007生技產業白皮書》，台北，經濟部工業局，2008a。
《2008生技產業白皮書》，台北，經濟部工業局，2009a。
《2009生物技術產業年鑑》，台北，經濟部工業局，2008b。
《2009台灣生技產業新興生技公司名錄》，台北，經濟部工業局，2009b。


 
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