壹、期刊
一、中文
林瑞全（2012），「我國加入WTO 10年外資保險經營特徵及財務況的研究」， 經濟研究參考，第35期， 96-99頁。
姚樹洁、馮根福與韓鈡偉(2005)，「中國保險業效率證分析」，經濟研究，第7期， 56-65頁。
胡均立、尤雪娥與林芳麗（2012），「臺灣地區人壽保險公司的效率分析-兩階段資料包絡分析方法之應用」，保險經營與制度期刊，第11卷第1期，21-42頁。
徐婧姝與余玥（2011），「我國中外資壽險公司經營效率比研究」，保險職業學學報，第25期第6卷， 57-62頁。
高俊、陳秉正及邢宏洋(2013) ，中國人身保險市場效率測算－基于隨機前沿分析的實證研究 ，保險研究，第11期， 50-60頁。
黃旭男與吳國華（2001），「臺灣地區壽險產業經營績效之衡量」，管理與系統，第8卷， 401-420頁。
黃旭男與高棟樑(2005)，「台灣地區產險公司經營績效之評估-二階段資料包分析法之應用」，保險專刊，第21卷第1期，57-79頁。
黃薇（2006），「基于SFA方法對中國保險機構效率的實證研究」，南開經濟研究，第5期， 56-65頁。
黃薇(2007)，「基于數據包絡分析方法對於中國保險機構效率的實證研究」，經濟評論，第4期， 111-116頁。
陳虹蒨與胡均立（2008），「經環境效果及統計噪音調整後的台灣地區人壽保險公司經營效率」，保險經營與制度，第7卷第2期， 189-206頁。
黃台心、高棟樑、姜麗智與梁嘉惠(2010) ，「我國壽險業考慮準固定投入後的效率與生產力變動分析」，東吳經濟商學學報，第68期， 1-38頁。梁芹與陸静（2011），「基于三階段DEA模型的中國壽險市場效率研究」，經濟管理，第7期， 149-155頁。
黃薇（2011），「外資進入對中國保險業效率的影響」，金融研究，第3期， 72-85頁。
黃薇與楊鋒（2012），「中國壽險業營銷效率評價研究」， 金融研究，第2期， 113-125頁。
曾真真、高子荃與何雍慶（2005），「以平衡計分卡觀點探討業務體系、人力資本對壽險業經營績效之影響」，Chiao Da Management Review，Vol 25,No 1, 179-204頁。馮斌星(2012) ，「中國保險公司DEA效率分析」， 宝鳮文理學院學報：社會科學版，第5期， 82-85頁。
雷明、鄧洁、趙欣娜與虞曉雯（2012），「中國壽險業效率評價(2008-2010)-基於組合型兩階段DEA模型」，中國管科學，第20卷專輯， 859-864頁。
劉純之 (1994)，「壽險公司經營效率評估-本國與商公司的比較」，保險專刊，第37期， 114-126頁。趙桂芹與吳洪（2010），「中國保險業SBM效率實證分析－基於修正的三階段DEA模型」，廣東金融學院學報，第25卷第5期， 72-82頁。
劉連生與李民（2012），「中國保險投資效益實證分析」，保險學報，第8期， 9-19頁。
劉玉煥（2013） ，「壽險產品集中度對保險公司經營綪效的影響及傳導路徑研究」，南方金融，第445期， 64-69頁。
蔣才芳(2014)，人壽保險行業市場結構與效率研究，湖南大學工商管理學院博士論文。
蔣綿綿、杜朝運與常雪凌(2015) ，「中國壽險公司股權結構與成本效率關係的實證研究」，統計與信息論壇，第30卷第6期，67-72頁。
鄧慶彪與隋明静（2010），「基於網絡分析法的中國壽險公司績效價研究」，The conference on Web Based Business Management， 837-840頁。
二、英文
Ansah-Adu, K., C. Oh and Joshua Abor (2012),”Evaluating the cost efficiency of insurance companies in Ghana,”The Journal of Risk Finance, 13(1), 61-76.
Al-Amri, K., Said Gattoufi and Saeed Al-Muharrami (2013),” Analyzing the technical efficiency of insurance companies in GCC,” The Journal of Risk Finance, 13(4), 362-380.
Bogetoft, P., R. Färe, S.Grosskopf, K. Hayes and L. Taylor (2008), Network DEA: some applications and illustrations. In: Proceedings of DEA symposium.
Banker, R.D., A. Charnes and W.W.Cooper (2009), “ Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis,” Management Science, 30,1078-1092.
Barros, C. P., M. Nektarios and A. Assaf (2010), “Efficiency in the Greek Insurance Industry,” European Journal of Operational Research, 205, 431-436.
Charnes, A., W. W.Cooper and E. Rhodes (1978),”Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Uits,” European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 429-444.
Crawford, R. (1991). In the Era of Human Capital: The Emergence Of Talent, Intelligence, And Knowledge As The Worldwide Economic Force And What It means To Managers And Investors. New York: Parper Business Books.
Cummins, J. D. and H. Zi (1998), “ Comparison of Frontier Efficiency Methods: An Application to the U.S. Life Insurance Industry,” Journal of Productivity Analysis, 10(2), 131-152.
Castelli, L., R. Pesenti and W. Ukvich (2004), “ DEA-like models for the efficiency evaluation of hierarchically structured units,” European Journal of Operational Research 154, 465-476.
Chang, H., H. L. Choy, W.W. Cooper, and T. W. Ruefli (2009), “Using Malmquist indexes to measure changes in the productivity and efficiency of US accounting firms before and after the Sarbanes,” Oxey Act. Omega, 37(5), 951-960.
Chen, C. M. (2009), “Network-DEA, A model with new efficiency measures to incorporate the dynamic effect in production networks,” European Journal of Operational Research ,194(3), 687-699.
Chen, B., M. R. Powers and J. Qiu (2009), “Life-insurance Efficiency in China: A Comparison of Foreign and Domestic Firms,” China & World Economy, 17(6), 43-63.
Cummins, J. D., M. A. Weiss, X. Xie and H. Zi (2010),” Economies of scope in financial services: A DEA efficiency analysis of the US insurance industry,”Journal of Banking & Finance, 34, 1525-1539.
Cummins, J. D. and X. Xie (2013),” Efficiency, productivity, and scale economies in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry,” Journal of productivity analysis, 39(2), 141-164.
Eling, M. and M. Luhnen (2008),” Efficiency in the international insurance industry: a cross-country comparison,” Journal of Banking & Finance, 34, 1497-1509.
Farrell, M. J. (1957),” The Measurement of Productive Efficiency,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, CXX, Part 3, 253-290.
Färe, R., S. Grosskopf, M. Norris and Z. Zhang (1994),” Productivity growth, technical progress, and efficiency change in industrialized countries,” American Economic Review, 84, 66-83.
Färe, R. and S. Grosskopf (1994) , “ Theory and Calculation of Productivity Indexes. In: Models and Measurement of Welfare and Inequality Springer, “ Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 921-940.
Färe, R. and S. Grosskopf (1996),” Productivity and Intermediate Products: A Frontier Approach,” Economics Letters ,50, 65-70.
Färe, R. and S. Grosskopf (1996), Intertemporal production Frontiers: with dynamic DEA. Norwell: Kluwer.
Fukuyama, H. (1997),” Investigating Productive Efficiency and Productivity Changes of Japanese Life Insurance Companies,” Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 5, 481-509.
Färe, R. and S. Grosskopf (1997),” Intertemporal production frontiers: with dynamic DEA,” Journal of the Operational Research Society, 48, 656-656.
Fried, H.O., S.S. Shelton and Y. Suthathip (1999),” Incorporating the Operating Environment into a Nonparametric Measure of Technical Efficiency,” Journal of Productivity Analysis, Vol.12, No.3, 249-267.
Färe, R., S. Grosskopf and G. Whittaker (2007). Network DEA,” In Modeling Data Irregularities and Structural Complexities in Data Envelopment Analysis, 209-240, Springer US.
Fun, F., X. Wei and X. Huang (2013),” CEO compensation and firm performance: Evidence from the US property and liability insurance industry,” Review of Accounting and Finance, 12(3), 252-267.
Färe, R., S. Grosskopf and G. Whittaker (2014),”Network DEA II. In W. D. Cook and J. Zhu (eds.),” Data Envelopment Analysis: A Handbook of Modeling Internal Structure and Network,307-327, International Series in Operations Research & Management Science 208, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Homburg, C. (2001),” Using data envelopment analysis to benchmark activities,” International Journal of Production Economics 73, 51-58.
Hu, X., C. Zhang, J. L. Hu and N. Zhu (2009),”Analyzing Efficiency in the Chinese Life Insurance Industry,”Management Research News, 32, 905-920.
Leverty, J. T., Y. Lin and H. Zhou(2009),” WTO and the Chinese insurance industry,” The Geneva Papers, 34, 440-465.
Luhnen, M.(2008), ”Determinants of efficiency and productivity in German property-liability insurance: evidence for 1995-2006,” The Geneva Papers 34,483-505.
Lu, W. M., W. K. Wang and Q. L.Kweh (2014), ”Intellectual capital and performance in the Chinese life insurance industry,”Omega, 42, 65-74.
Lee, C. A. and Y. H. Chiu (2016),” Evaluating the Operational Efficiency of Life Insurance Companies in Taiwan – An Application of the Dynamic Network SBM Model,” Applied Economics and Finance, Vol.4, No.1, 18-33.
Klopp, G. A. (1985), ”The Analysis of the Efficiency of Production System with Multiple Inputs and Outputs,” Ph. D. dissertation, University of Illinois, Industrial and System Engineering College, Chicago.
Kader, H.A., M. Adams and P. Hardwick (2009),” The Cost Efficiency of Takaful Insurance Companies,” Centre for Risk and Insurance Studies (CRIS) Nottingham University Business School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham.
Malmquist, S. (1953), ” Index numbers and indifference surfaces,” Trabajos de Investigacion, 4, 209-242.
Nemoto, J. and M. Goto (1999), “ Dynamic data envelopment analysis modeling intertemporal behavior of a firm in the presence of productive inefficiencies,” Economic Letters, 64(1), 51-56.
Nektarios, Milton, Barros and C. Pestana (2010),” A Malmquist Indexs for the Greek Insurance Industry,” Geneva Paper on Risk & Insurance – Issues & Practive, 35(2), 309-324.
Park, K.S. and K. Park (2009), “ Measurement of multiperiod aggregative efficiency, “ European Journal of Operational Research, 193(2), 567-580.
Pottier, S. W. (2011),” Life insurer efficiency and state regulation: evidence of optimal firm behavior,” Journal of Regulatory Economics, 39, 169-193.
Qiu, S. and B. Chen (2006),” Efficiencies of Life Insurers in China-An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis,” China International Conference in Finance, July 16-20.
Seiford, L. M. and J. Zhu (1999),” Profitability and Marketability of the Top 55 U.S. Commercial Banks,” Management Science, 45, 1270-1288.
Sueyoshi, T. and K. Sekitani (2005), “Returns to scale in dynamic DEA,” European Journal of Operational Research, 161(2), 536-544.
Shim, J. (2011), ” Efficiency Changes Around Mergers in the U.S. Property-Liability Insurance Industry: A Data Evelopment Analysis,” Journal of Business & Economic Studies, Vol 17,No 2, 77-98.
Santanu, M. and S. G. Dastidar(2014),” A DEA-investigation of efficiency of the Indian general nsurance during recession,” Journal of Advances in Management Research, 11(1), 115-136.
Sinha, R. P. (2015),” A Dynamic DEA Model for Indian Life Insurance Companies,” Global Business Review, 16(2), 1-12.
Tone, K. (2001), ”A slacks-based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis,” European Journal of Operational Research, 130(3), 498-509.
Tone, K. and M. Tsutsui (2009),” Network DEA: A slacks-based measure approach,” European Journal of Operational Research, 197, 243-252.
Tone, K. and M. Tsutsui (2010), “ Dynamic DEA: A slacks-based measure approach,“ Omega, 38, 145-156.
Tone, K. and M.Tsutsui (2010), ” An epsilon-based measure of efficiency in DEA-A third pole of technical efficiency,” European Journal of Operational Research, 207, 1554-1563.
Tone, K. and M. Tsutsui (2010),” Dynamic DEA: A slacks-based measure approach,” Omega, 38(3/4), 145-156.
Tone, K. and M. Tsutsui (2014), ” Dynamic DEA with network structure: A slacks-based measure approach,” Omega, 42(1), 124-131.
Tone, K. and M. Tsutsui (2010),” Dynamic DEA: A slacks-based measure approach,” Omega, 38(3/4), 145-156.
Wu, D., Z. Yang, S. Vela and L. Liang (2007),” Simultaneous analysis of production and investment performance of Canadian life and health insurance companies using data envelopment analysis,” Computers and Operations Research, 34, 180-198.
Wu, S., Z. Cao, K. Qin, W. Lang and R. Zhang (2012),” Empirical analysis of the operating efficiency of China’s insurance industry,” Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, Vol 4, No 8.
Yang, Z. (2006),” A two-stage DEA Model to Evaluate the Overall Performance of Canadian Life and Health Insurance Companies,” Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 43, 910-919.
貳、書籍
林惠玲與陳正倉（2009），統計學。台北：雙葉書廊有限公司。