This research aimed to explore how George Leslie Mackay establish his missionary strongholds and archtectures in the space of Northern Taiwan. Mackay divided the geography of Northern Taiwan into three major spaces: Drainage Basin of Danshui River, Kavalan Plain and Westcoast of Northern Taiwan. Strongholds with most importance were established in each area, through which the relationship between population aggregation and flowing ,and interpersonal interaction had gradually led to the extension of missionary stronghold for the Han people. However, traditional big towns and cities often needed to fight against the local force.In Kavalan Plain, Mackay followed the migration path of Ping-pu to adjust the location for missionary stronghold estabilishment. Through religion change in group, the number of Christian surged suddenly. As for the west coast of Northern Taiwan, the extension schedule took longer due to the inconvenience of transportation. Through Mackays effort and his aggresive ambition, he set foot in MinNan, Ping-Pu, Hakka, Savage and other clans.
There is an obvious relationship between architectural form and geographic space for Mackays missionary work. The tall churches with spectacular appearance were mostly built in the Drainage basin of Dansui River, and the western chaples were mostly seen in Kavalan Plain, while the missionary stronholds at the west coast of Northern Taiwan were hidden in civil residences mostly. The life cycle of church is mainly affected and sabotaged by political situation or natural disasters, among which the technology in architecture of Qing dynasty is so poor that the human and natural damage could not be avoided. During the time, Kavalan Plain is the area most severely damaged. During Japanese colonial period, the political situation change made the number of missionary who protect churches reduced. Luckily, with Mackays perseverance, the training for local missionary cultivation had been continued, which realized the idea of nativization of church in Taiwan.