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題名：重量訓練對女性月經週期之身體改變
作者：洪大程 引用關係
作者(外文)：Hung, Ta-Cheng
校院名稱：臺北市立大學
系所名稱：競技運動訓練研究所
指導教授：郭家驊
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2017
主題關鍵詞：阻力訓練；身體組成；心律變異度；血液細胞；脫氫異雄固酮-硫酸鹽；resistance training；body composition；HRV；blood cell；DHEA-S
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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目的：本研究旨在探討月經週期時，一、重量訓練對身體組成、肌力與心情變化的影響；二、重量訓練與安靜時自主神經系統變化的關係；三、重量訓練與DHEA-S對血球濃度的影響。方法：以月經週期正常女性24名（21.9±0.2歲）為研究對象。受試者以前測二週DHEA-S平均值分配為坐式生活及重量訓練二組。本研究採平衡次序原則之實驗設計。受試者從月經開始，每7天進行2個月的心情問卷、睡眠品質、心律變異度、血壓、身體組成、肌力及血液樣本檢測。第2個月開始，重訓組每週進行2次的訓練，訓練有8種不同阻力運動，每種運動以70%最大肌力進行3組12次反覆，共四週。結果：一、重訓可以減少整體脂肪及增加整體肌肉；軀幹部位為先減少脂肪再增加肌肉，四肢部位則先增加肌肉再減少脂肪；體圍為先減少臀圍，接著才是腰圍及腰臀圍比。二、女性上半身以快縮肌為主，下半身以慢縮肌為主；重訓使整體的慢縮肌力減少，快縮肌力增加，膝伸展慢縮肌力在月經期減少，肩盂肱關節內收快縮肌力在黃體期增加。三、女性心情顯著受月經期干擾，重訓降低行經前的心情干擾。四、女性月經週期後半階段收縮壓明顯降低；重訓使副交感神經活性在月經開始的第1、4週明顯下降，收縮與舒張血壓起伏變化較非運動組平穩。五、DHEA-S與女性荷爾蒙的合成及血液細胞的調節有相關；重訓過程造成血小板的數目增加，削弱了DHEA-S對血球細胞調控的效果。結論：一、月經週期實施重訓對身體組成的控制、身體曲線的調整、快縮肌力的獲得、穩定血壓及減少月經期前心情干擾有很大的幫助；二、重訓削弱了月經週期DHEA-S調節血液細胞的能力，在月經期實施重訓對肌力及心情干擾需要更長的恢復時間。
Purpose: This study were to examine the influence of weight training on (1) body composition, muscle strength and mood, (2) blood pressure and autonomic nervous balance, (3) DHEA-S and blood cell balance in women during the normal menstrual cycles. Methods: Twenty-four normally menstruating women were recruited into weight training program and sedentary groups for two complete menstrual cycles in a DHEA-S balance sequence manner. All subjects had their mood, sleeping quality, body composition, muscle strength, heart rate variability, blood pressure, blood sample and DHEA-S assessed at rest condition every 7 days after menstruating bleeding for 2 complete cycles. Eight different types of weight training were performed twice a week for 4 weeks (12 repetitions per set, 3 sets, 70% maximum strength). Results: (1) weight-training reduced the total body fat and increased the total body muscle. Trunk fat lost first then trunk muscle gained later but the appendicular reversed the sequence. The circumference of hip was decreased immediately then waist and waist hip ratio were reduced later too. (2) The lower body myofiber was mostly composed slow-switch fiber but the upper body was mostly composed fast-switch fiber. Weight-training decreased the slow-switch muscle strength and increased the fast-switch muscle strength. The concentric slow-switch strength of quadriceps was decreased during menstruation. The diagonal toward fast-switch strength of glenohumeral joint was increased during lutein period. (3) The mood was disturbed significantly during menstruation and lower the disturbance at pre-menses period. (4) The parasympathetic nervous activity was decreased significantly in the first week and forth week after menstrual bleeding. Systolic blood pressure tended to be lower during the luteal period for the both groups. Changes diastolic and systolic blood pressures were less pronounced for the weight training group as compared to the control group. (5) DHEA-S was related to the synthesis of female hormones and the regulation of blood cells. Weight-training induced the number of platelets increased and diminished the ability of DHEA-S to regulate blood cells. Conclusion: (1) It’s helpful to control body-composition, sculpture body shapes, gain fast-switch strength, improve stabilization of blood pressure and lower the pre-menstruation mood disturbance during twice a week weight-training program. (2) Weight-training diminished the ability of DHEA-S to regulate blood cells and it took a longer recovery time before and after the menstrual bleeding.
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