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題名:抵抗與復元:深圳市肢體障礙者 障礙復元之路的研究
作者:牛原
作者(外文):Niu, Yuan
校院名稱:東海大學
系所名稱:社會工作學系
指導教授:曾華源
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:肢體身心障礙者復元障礙身份認同社會工作優勢觀點physical and mental disabilitiesrecoverydisability identitysocial workstrengths perspectives
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本研究以障礙復元概念,嘗試瞭解深圳肢體障礙者障礙復元發展過程中的阻礙與創傷情形,如何激發復元與調適獲得障礙身份認同達成良性發展的身體經驗。研究以詮釋學方法論為基石,採取敘事研究法,透過立意取樣,選擇十六位深圳市具有優勢觀點達成自我實現的肢體障礙青年,以半結構訪談大綱進行長度訪談,進行障礙復元故事蒐集與分析。
研究結果發現:
(1)在肢體障礙青年的復元敘事中,主要有「障礙復元」與「障礙身份認同」兩條主軸,並在敘說經驗裡呈現障礙身份認同發展始終伴隨復元發展的交互過程,整體上呈螺旋上升歷程發展;
(2)肢體障礙青年的復元重要主題有其時代背景和社會發展脈絡性,共包括:「隔代教養」「華人社會下的角色規範」「歧視、污名與不公正對待」「家庭暴力」「家庭關係的不和諧」「親密關係」「障礙類別的差異」「親職教育」以及「經濟困難」等九項;
(3)促進肢體障礙青年復元之保護因子呈現不同層面間分佈與非線性發展,主要有「個人優點及優勢」「人際關係」「環境資源」與「文化與靈性」,同一個復元保護因子會在障礙復元的不同階段產生不同的影響,或連同其他保護因子一同發揮作用,這些保護因子並不是固定在某個特定的復元發展階段;
(4)肢體障礙青年復元之障礙身份認同發展的動態變化模式,從一開始的無意識到自卑、否認、不接納再到肯認障礙身份並投身障礙事業發展,障礙身份認同除了自我接納的方面之外,發現還涉及對身心障礙的理解與構想,個人的生命成長軌跡、障礙程度以及所處的地域環境及文化有很大差異。
作者根據研究結果,對具有相同或相近情境的肢體障礙青年障礙復元發展相關人群、實務工作者及政策制定者提出建議。
This paper attempts to summarize the major hindrances and traumas that young adults with disabilities in the city of Shenzhen universally experience during their recovery process. From that, we aim to investigate how these experiences can give rise to increased disability identity and promotes psychological and physical adaptations. This paper employs hermeneutics as its fundamental methodology, using the method of narrative inquiry with a sample of sixteen young adults with physical disabilities from the city of Shenzhen. Through semi-structured interviews, we collect and analyze their recovery narratives that reflect a growing strengths perspective and the ongoing process towards self-actualization.
Our findings include:
1) The sixteen interviewees’ recovery narratives are characterized by two major themes, disability recovery and disability identity. These two themes intertwin with and continuingly reinforce one another throughout the interviewees’ recovery and development processes.
2) These narratives are predicated upon specific historical and social contexts, including a) skipped-generational parenting, b) social norms in Chinese society, c) stigma, discrimination, and discrimination, d) domestic violence, e) family conflicts, f) intimate relationships, g) disability classification and differentiation, and h) financial difficulties.
3) Protective factors, as a significant promoting factor of the disability recovery process, manifest differential distribution pattern and non-linear development. The major protective factors mentioned by our interviewees include personal strengths and advantages, interpersonal relationships, environmental resources, and culture and spirituality. The same protective factor, sometimes in collaboration with other protective factors, affects individuals differently in different developmental stages. Despite being stage-dependent, a protective factor (and its function) is not fixed to one certain developmental stage.
4)The developmental dynamics of disability identity usually begin with a complete lack of disability identity, to a sense of inferiority, then to denial, and finally reaches an agreement with or acceptance of the identity as a person with a disability. In some cases, individuals devote themselves to disability advocacy. In addition to self-acceptance, the formation of an individual’s disability identity concerns, and is affected by, their understanding and interpretation of physical and mental disability, their previous developmental trajectory, the level of disability, and their physical and cultural environment, which can differ significantly from individual to individual.
Finally, based on the findings, we offer several comments and suggestions for young adults with disabilities faced with similar situations studied in this paper, disability social workers, and policymakers.
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