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題名:創業態度和社會資本如何改變餐旅創業者的財務績效:創業導向和動態能力的中介調節作用
作者:黃艷玲
作者(外文):NG, YEN-LING
校院名稱:國立高雄科技大學
系所名稱:商業智慧學院博士班
指導教授:劉志興
劉修祥
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2023
主題關鍵詞:社會資本創業導向創業態度財務績效動態能力Social CapitalEntrepreneurial OrientationEntrepreneurial AttitudeFinancial PerformanceDynamic Capability
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由於全球新型冠狀病毒(COVID-19)疫情的嚴重影響,觀光餐旅業的許多中小型企業在這個行業中艱難生存,因而需要採取創新、積極的創業精神和勇於承擔風險的態度,以盡快恢復並彌補疫情造成的損失。儘管過去的研究已經意識到創業導向對中小型企業的重要性,但對於觀光餐旅業在創業導向方面的研究,較少提供比較全面的理論整合模式。因此,本研究基於社會資本理論和創業導向的觀點,加入創業態度、動態能力和財務績效相關變數,以606名台灣觀光餐旅創業者進行了一項問卷調查研究,以探討如何通過創業導向和動態能力來提升財務績效。本研究提出了一個中介-調節效應的綜合模型,以結構方程模型 (SEM) 作為分析方法,並使用 SPSS AMOS 24.0 分析數據,來檢驗本研究模型和相關假設。同時,使用轉換後的第二因素分析來概括研究結果。研究結果發現,創業導向在創業態度和財務績效方面具有中介效應;社會資本通過創業導向間接影響財務績效,同時對財務績效有正向顯著的直接影響;動態能力是一個關鍵的調節因素,強化了社會資本、創業導向和財務績效之間的關係。本研究的結果對於理論和實務管理具有重要意義。。在理論方面,本研究擴展了社會資本理論和創業導向理論在餐旅業的文獻。在實務管理方面,研究結果強調了創業態度是影響創業導向的關鍵因素,並指出高社會資本的組織能夠鼓勵創業導向,進而影響財務績效。觀光餐旅創業者應該重視創業態度的培養,加強動態能力,從而促進創業導向與社會資本的形成,並創造出卓越的財務績效。最後,本研究還提出了研究限制和未來研究參考,以促進相關領域的進一步研究。
Due to the severe impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) from tourism and hospitality industry are struggling to survive and need to adopt innovative and entrepreneurial attitudes and a willingness to take risks in order to quickly recover and make up for losses caused by the pandemic. While some previous studies have recognized the importance of entrepreneurial orientation for SMEs in this context, it is important to specify the sources of the research. Furthermore, there is a lack of comprehensive theoretical integration models for entrepreneurial orientation in the tourism and hospitality industry. Therefore, this study aims to integrate social capital theory and entrepreneurial orientation to explore how variables related to entrepreneurial attitude, dynamic capabilities, and financial performance can help Taiwanese tourism and hospitality industry entrepreneurs improve their financial performance through entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability. The study proposes an integrated model of mediation-moderation effects to explore how entrepreneurial attitude and social capital influence entrepreneurs’ financial performance, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as the analytical method, and applying SPSS AMOS 24.0 for data analysis. Additionally, the study employs transformed second factor analysis to summarize the research results. The findings suggest that (1) Entrepreneurial orientation mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and financial performance; (2) Social capital indirectly influences financial performance through entrepreneurial orientation, while also having a positive and significant direct influence on financial performance; (3) Dynamic capability is a critical moderator that strengthens the relationships between social capital, entrepreneurial orientation, and financial performance. The results of the study provide important theoretical and managerial implications. In terms of theoretical implications, this study expands the literature of social capital theory and entrepreneurial orientation in the tourism and hospitality industry. In terms of managerial implications, the findings suggest that Taiwanese tourism and hospitality industry entrepreneurs should focus on cultivating entrepreneurial attitude, strengthening dynamic capability, fostering the development of entrepreneurial orientation and social capital, and thereby creating excellent financial performance. Lastly, the study proposes limitations and recommendations for future research to promote further research in related fields.
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