目標：本研究之目的在瞭解國內綜合教學醫院，推行品質管理與營運績效間的關係。方法：本研究為橫斷性研究，以醫院評鑑為地區教學以上的123家醫院，以郵寄問卷方式進行普查，測量醫院至85年底為止，推行品質管理的情況。問卷的回收率為54.47％，將這些資料與來自衛生署「臺灣地區85年醫院現況及服務量量表資料」的次級資料作合併；再以資料包絡法，測量醫院的營運績效，最後以Tobit迴歸模式，分析品質管理與營運績效間之關係。結果：本研究結果發現在控制醫院特性、競爭環境等變項之後，醫院推行品質管理的時間超過4年且內容4項以上，醫院營運的績效較 好。結論：因本研究屬橫斷分析，故僅能保守地推論此兩者存在某種程度相關，對於醫院是否因長期全面推行品質管理而造成醫院營運績效較好，尚待更長期的觀察與縱斷性的研究。

　　　　　Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between implementation of quality management and operating performance of general teaching hospitals. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in all hospitals accredited above district teaching hospitals. A structured questionnaire was developed and mailed to chief executive officers of 123 hospitals to measure the implementation of quality management through the end of year 1996. The response rate was 54.47%. The secondary data came f rom Department of Health, entitled "Service Volume and Current Status of Health Care Organizations in Taiwan Area in 1996" and was applied to measure the performance by "Data Envelopment Analysis". Tobit analysis was then used to explore the relationship between implementation of quality management and operating performance. Results: After adjusting for confounding variables such as ownership status, accredited ranking, Cesarean section rate, and total hospital beds, those hospitals having implementing qua lity management for more than four years and with more than four items in quality management are showing significantly better operating performance. Conclusions: Due to the nature of cross-sectional study, the results of this study can only conservatively conclude that there appears to be a positive relationship between quality management and operating performance to a certain degree. Whether the better operating performance is the result of long-term implementation of total quality management, requires fu rther investigations such as longitudinal research.