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題名:大臺北地區國小學童對空氣相關概念認知之研究
書刊名:科學教育學刊
作者:張敬宜
作者(外文):Chang, Jin-yi
出版日期:2000
卷期:8:2
頁次:頁141-156
主題關鍵詞:空氣個別晤談法AirInterview
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(8) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:6
  • 共同引用共同引用:2
  • 點閱點閱:24
     本研究採用個別晤談法來探究我國國小學童對空氣之相關認知;晤談對象乃來自大 臺北地區城、鄉暨偏遠地區三所國民小學的二、四、六年級學童,每校每年級六人,一共五 十四位學童接受晤談。研究結果顯示二年級學童即有九成以上具有「空氣是無色無味的氣 體」、「空氣到處都有」以及「空氣佔有空間」的初步概念,而學童對於「空氣佔有空間」 概念的更深入瞭解和「空氣流動成風」、「空氣壓力的存在」、「空氣加熱則上升」、「空 氣中有水蒸氣的存在」、「不同的氣體具有不同的重量」概念的學習成果則隨著年級的增加 而有所提昇;「空氣遇熱膨脹,遇冷收縮」概念對學童的學習是難度最高的,其次則是「不 同的氣體具有不同的重量」、「空氣中有水蒸氣的存在」和「空氣流動成風」。學童最熟悉 的氣體還是氧氣和二氧化碳,六年級學童雖有較高的比例可以說明這二種氣體的製造與檢驗 法,然而多偏重在呼吸作用、光合作用、助燃性與否的探討,能提出以生活周邊易取得的化 學物質來製造、檢驗氣體的僅有五名。又唯有六年級生對「空氣中包含有許多不同的氣體」 和「氣體量的比較」有較清楚的認識。同時,研究者也依據晤談整理結果研擬了空氣相關重 要概念的建議學習年段。
     Fifty-four elementary school students were interviewed to investigate their conceptions about air. The interviewees were 2nd, 4th and 6th graders from three elementary schools in the Taipei area, which were located in an urban, suburban, and rural area respectively. The study results showed that more than ninety percent students from grade 2 held the concepts of "air is colorless and odorless", "air is all around us," and the incipient idea of "air occupies space". From grade 2 to grade 6 the proportion of students with the concepts of "wind is formed when air moves", "air exerts pressure", "hot air goes upward", "water vapor exists in air", "gas has its own weight" and the further understanding on "air occupies space" increased. Among the target concepts, "air expands when encountering heat," and it shrinks when cooled "was the hardest for the students to learn, and the following were "gas has its own weight", "water vapor exists in air" and "wind is formed when air moves". Oxgen and Carbon dioxide were the most familiar gases to the 4th and 6th graders. More students from grade 6 could illustrate how to produce and identify these two gases, however most of them paid particular stress on respiration, photosynthesis and whether it could facilitate burning. Based on the research results, the appropriate learning graders for these target concepts were suggested and educational implications were provided.
期刊論文
1.Stavy, R.、Eisen, Y.、Yaakobi, D.(1987)。How students aged 13-15 understand photosynthesis。International Journal of Science Education,9(1),105-115。  new window
圖書
1.歐陽鍾仁(1988)。科學教育概論。臺北市:五南圖書。  延伸查詢new window
2.鍾聖校(1999)。自然與科技課程教材教法。台北:五南。  延伸查詢new window
3.Driver, R.、Guesne, E.、Tiberghien, A.(1985)。Children's Ideas in Science。Open University Press。  new window
4.教育部(1998)。國民教育階段九年一貫課程總綱綱要。台北市:教育部。  延伸查詢new window
5.黃瑞琴(1991)。質的教育研究法。臺北:心理出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.National Research Council(1996)。National Science Education Standards。Washington, DC:National Academy Press。  new window
7.Lincoln, Yvonna S.、Guba, Egon G.(1985)。Naturalistic Inquiry。Sage。  new window
8.Kuhn, Thomas Samuel(1970)。The Structure of Scientific Revolutions。University of Chicago Press。  new window
其他
1.「自然與科技」課程綱要研修小組(19990906)。「自然科學與生活科技」課程綱要草案。  延伸查詢new window
2.教育部(1993)。國民小學課程標準。  延伸查詢new window
3.張敬宜(199611)。從教師觀點探討國小即將畢業學童的蒸發、凝結與沸騰概念。  延伸查詢new window
4.張敬宜(1997)。國小高年級學童蒸發、凝結與沸騰概念之研究。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.張敬宜(1998)。教師對國小四年級學童蒸發、凝結與沸騰概念瞭解之研究。  延伸查詢new window
6.黃湘武、黃寶鈿(1985)。學生空氣概念:粒子性質及動力平衡。  延伸查詢new window
7.黃寶鈿、黃湘武(1987)。學生對氣體體積、壓力概念與粒子模型關係之研究。  延伸查詢new window
8.Andersson, B.(1990)。Pupils conceptions of matter and its transformations (age 12-16)。  new window
9.Hwang, B. T.(1995)。Students' conceptual representations of gas volume in relation to particulate model of matter。  new window
10.Rollnick, M.(1990)。African primary school teachers - what ideas do they hold on air and air pressure?。  new window
11.Sere, M.(1982)。A study of some framework used by pupils aged 11-13 years in the interpretatiln of pressure。  new window
12.Stavy, R.(1988)。Children's conceptions of gas。  new window
13.Stavy, R.(1990)。Children's conception of changes in the state of matter : from liquid (or solid) to gas。  new window
圖書論文
1.Krajcik, J. S.(1991)。Developing students' understanding of chemical concepts。The psychology of learning science。Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
 
 
 
 
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