現代伊斯蘭的改革實乃一連串復興改革運動之累積經驗。事實上，穆罕默德之建立伊斯蘭即是一神教之改革運動，因此伊斯蘭叫並非一新的宗教。本論文旨在探討伊斯蘭教史上之改革根源，並討論中世紀與現代之復興改革理論，如：Ibn Taymiyyah 、 al-Mawdudi 等人之 Islah 與 1jtihad 的理論。

　　　　　Islamic reform in the modern era has been a culminated movement that started from the very beginning of Islamic time. In fact the establishment of Islam was also regarded as a reform movement in the history of monotheism. The founder of Islam Prophet Muhammad was thus considered as a reformer. He was the greatest reformer in the history of Abraham's religion. This essay aims to trace the origin of Islamic reform and discuss the medieval as well as modern theories of reform and revival, such as those of Ibn Taymiyyah and al-Mawdudi etc. It is a historical survey, and a preliminary study of the Ijtihad theory.