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題名:Empress' Grove: Ritual and Life in the Ming Palace
書刊名:近代中國婦女史研究
作者:謝葆華
作者(外文):Hsieh, Bao Hua
出版日期:2003
卷期:11
頁次:頁99-187
主題關鍵詞:明代的皇后Ming empresses
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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     明代皇后制度的探討是明史研究中重要的一環。本文深入淺出闡述了明代皇后制度的建立及其運作。討論範圍涵蓋了皇后的甄選以及 皇后的角色、地位和權利的界定。本文主旨指出明代的禮制在嘉禮、吉禮、和兇禮中奠定皇后制度為皇帝制度不可或缺的輔助機構。而且皇后 制度於運作上遷就於太祖的后妃規範,受限於明代朝廷�堿茷疻v限和政黨政治的衝突。
     This study examines how the Ming court's rituals, the imperial harem system, and Taizu's instructions for consorts determined the status of the empress and regulated her life in the Inner Palace. Several factors illustrate this issue. The recruitment of empresses articulated the social and geographic origins of women, the qualifications of candidates, and the relevant institutions in charge of recruitment. Wedding and investiture ceremonies recognized the empress' status. The imperial harem system defined the empress' responsibilities and benefits compared to other consorts. Each empress's status was defined through the mortuary benefits regarding her burial site, mourning obligations of the people, her right to share a tomb with the emperor, and her ability to be worshipped in imperial ancestral halls. In addition, an empress's promotion, demotion, and deposition influenced the relationship between the Inner Court and the Outer Audience. This article also focuses on how the empress' multiple roles were legitimized and how they were, in practice, limited.
期刊論文
1.Hsieh, Pao-hua(19970800)。Female Hierarchy in Customary Practice: The Status of Concubines in Seventeenth-Century China。近代中國婦女史研究,5,55-114。new window  new window
2.Mote, F. W.(1981)。The Growth of Chinese Despotism: A Critique of Wittfogel Theory of Oriental Despotism as Applied to China。Oriens Extremus,8(1),1-41。  new window
3.Soulliere, Ellen Felicia(1984)。Reflections on Chinese Despotism and the Power of the Inner Court。Asian Profile,12(2),129-145。  new window
學位論文
1.Soulliere, Ellen Felicia(1987)。Palace Women in the Ming Dynasty, 1368-1644。  new window
圖書
1.Watson, Rubie S.、Ebrey, Patricia Buckley(1991)。Marriage and Inequality in Chinese Society。Marriage and Inequality in Chinese Society。Berkeley。  new window
2.劉若愚。酌中志。  延伸查詢new window
3.雷夢水(1987)。明宮詞。北京:北京古籍出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.何喬遠(1993)。名山藏。北京市:北京大學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.朱子彥(1998)。後宮制度研究。後宮制度研究。上海。  延伸查詢new window
6.溫功義(1986)。明末三案。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
7.Rawski, Evelyn S.(1998)。The Last Emperors: A Social History of the Qing Imperial Institutions。The Last Emperors: A Social History of the Qing Imperial Institutions。Berkeley and Los Angeles。  new window
8.紀昀、孫致中(1991)。紀曉嵐文集。河北教育出版社。  延伸查詢new window
9.Wechsler, Howard J.(1985)。Offerings of jade and silk:ritual and symbol in the legitimation of the T'ang Dynasty。New Haven, CT:Yale University Press。  new window
10.Huang, Ray(1981)。1587: A Year of No Significance。Yale University Press。  new window
11.孫承澤、王劍英(1992)。春明夢餘錄。北京:北京古籍出版社。  延伸查詢new window
12.班固、陳立、吳則虞(1994)。白虎通疏證。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
13.沈德符(1976)。萬曆野獲編。台北:新興書局。  延伸查詢new window
14.Tsai, Shih-shan Henry(1996)。The Eunuchs in the Ming Dynasty。Albany, NY:State University of New York Press。  new window
15.Watson, James L.、Rawski, Evelyn S.(1988)。Death Ritual in Late Imperial and Modern China。University of California Press。  new window
16.Zito, Angela(1997)。Of Body and Brush: Grand Sacrifice as Text / Performance in Eighteenth-Century China。University of Chicago Press。  new window
17.張廷玉(1974)。明史。中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
18.Groot, Jan J. M.(1970)。The Religious System of China。The Religious System of China。Leiden。  new window
19.Dorn, Frank(1970)。The Forbidden City: The Biography of a Palace。The Forbidden City: The Biography of a Palace。New York。  new window
20.Granet, Marcel(1973)。Right and Left in China。Right and Left: Essays on Dual Symbolic Classification。  new window
21.Holmgren, Jennifer。Imperial Marriage in the Native Chinese and Non-Han State, Han to Ming。Marriage and Inequality in Chinese Society。Berkeley, Los Angeles and Oxford。  new window
22.胡漢生(1998)。明十三陵大觀。明十三陵大觀。北京。  延伸查詢new window
23.Paludan, Ann(1981)。The Imperial Ming Tombs。The Imperial Ming Tombs。New Haven。  new window
24.Watson, Rubie S.(1991)。Wife, Concubines, and Maids: Servitude and Kingship in the Hong Kong Region, 1900-1940。Marriage and Inequality in Chinese Society。Berkeley。  new window
25.吳以寧、顧吉辰(1995)。唐宋后妃制度研究。唐宋后妃制度研究。上海。  延伸查詢new window
26.張爾雅(1983)。儀禮鄭註句讀。儀禮鄭註句讀。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.(明)沈榜(1980)。宛署雜記,北京。  延伸查詢new window
2.(東漢)許慎(1966)。說文解字,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.(明)丘濬。性理大全,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
4.(1966)。爾雅,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
5.(清)顧炎武(1967)。聖安本記,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
6.(1967)。燼宮遺錄,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
7.(北宋)歐陽修,(北宋)宋祁(1965)。新唐書,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
8.(明)申時行(1988)。大明會典,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
9.(1965)。明神宗實錄,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
10.(明)湯鐸(1983)。文公家禮會通,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
11.(明)文秉(1976)。先揆志始,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
12.(明)張鹵(1960)。孝慈錄,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
13.(清)鄒漪。啟禎野史。  延伸查詢new window
14.(明)朱國楨(1976)。涌幢小品,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Evelyn, Rawski(1991)。Ching Imperial Marriage and Problems of Rulership。Marriage and Inequality in Chinese Society。Berkeley:University of California Press。  new window
2.Ebrey, Patricia Buckley(1991)。Shifts in Marriage Finance from the Sixth to the Thirteenth century。Marriage and Inequality in Chinese Society。Berkeley, California。  new window
3.Thompson, Stuart E.(1988)。Death, Food, and Fertility。Death Ritual in Late Imperial and Modern China。Berkeley:University of California Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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