年齡、工作記憶與電腦態度在電子郵件技能學習之預測效應_

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題名：	年齡、工作記憶與電腦態度在電子郵件技能學習之預測效應
書刊名：	應用心理研究
作者：	林迪意／莊明諺
作者(外文)：	Lin, Dyi-yih M.／Chuang, Ming-yan
出版日期：	2004
卷期：	22
頁次：	頁105-120
主題關鍵詞：	年齡；工作記憶；電腦態度；電腦輔助教學；電腦技能；Age；Working memory；Computer attitude；Computer-aided learning；Computer skills
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:6 共同引用:0 點閱:37

本文從年齡差異的角度探討工作記憶與電腦態度在電腦技能學習上的預測性。共39位年齡從18至80歲的受試者參與一個以電子郵件操作程序為教學範本的實驗，隨後並接受一個測試訓練內容回憶正確性的紙筆填空測驗。開始參加該學習實驗之前，每位受試者接受一份工作記憶量表與一份電腦態度量表的衡鑑。迴歸分析結果顯示工作記憶能力與年齡差異依序是預測電子郵件學習績效最顯著的因子。年齡與工作記憶之間呈現顯著負相關，且高齡者其記憶廣度與文-數序列能力明顯低於年輕受試者。電腦態度對於學習效果並無顯著解釋能力，但高齡者卻比低齡者有較低的電腦焦慮。本文據此結果討論高齡化電腦技能學習與訓練之設計。

以文找文

The present study aimed at examining the predictability of age, working memory and computer attitude in acquisition of computer skills. Thirty-nine subjects whose age ranged from 18 to 80 years old participated in an experiment in which procedural electronic mail skills were taught. The regression analysis showed that age and working memory capacity were the most influential predictors for the correct recall of the electronic mail procedures. Age was negatively correlated with working memory, with the capacities of digit span and letter-number sequencing of the older adults being significantly lower than those of their younger counterpart. Attitude was not a significant predictor for recall of electronic procedures; however, the difference in computer anxiety between older and younger subjects was apparent, with the elderly subjects showing less anxiety. Implications for the design of computer skill learning/training for the elderly were discussed.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Freudentahl, D.(2001)。Age differences in the performance of information retrieval tasks。Behaviour and Information Technology，20(1)，9-22。
2.	Zacks, R. T.、Hasher, L.(1997)。Cognitive gerontology and attentional inhibition: A reply to Burke and McDowd。Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences，52B，274-283。
3.	Wilder, G.、Mackie, D.、Cooper, J.(1985)。Gender and computers: Two surveys of computer-related attitudes。Sex Roles，13，215-288。
4.	Kelley,C.L.、Charness,N.(1995)。Issues in training older adults to use computers。Behaviour and Information Technology，14(2)，107-120。
5.	Marakas, G. M.、Yi, M. Y.、Johnson, R. D.(1998)。The Multilevel and Multifaced Character of Computer Self-efficacy: Toward Clarification of the Construct and an Integrative Framework for Research。Information Systems Research，9(2)，126-163。
6.	Hignite, Michael A.、Echternacht, Lonnie J.(1992)。Assessment of the relationships between the computer attitudes and computer literacy levels of prospective educators。Journal of Research on Computing in Education，24(3)，381-391。
7.	Loyd, Brenda H.、Gressard, Clarice P.(1984)。Reliability and factorial Validity of computer attitude scales。Educational and Psychological Measurement，44(2)，501-505。
8.	Park, D. C.、Smith, A. D.、Lantenschlager, G.、Earles, J. L.、Frieski, D.、Zwahr, M.、Gaines, C. L.(1996)。Mediators of long-term memory performance across the life span。Psychology and Aging，11(4)，621-637。
9.	Salthouse, T. A.(1996)。The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition。Psychological Review，103(3)，403-428。
10.	Gomez, L. M.、Egan, D. E.、Bowers, C.(1986)。Learning to use a text editor: Some learner characteristics that predict success。Human-Computer Interaction，2，1-23。
11.	Dyck, J. L.、Smither, J. A.(1994)。Age differences in computer anxiety: The role of computer experience, gender and education。Journal of educational computing research，10(3)，239-248。
12.	Dyck, J. L.、Smither, J. A.-A.(1996)。Older adults' acquisition of word processing: The contribution of cognitive abilities and computer anxiety。Computers in Human Behavior，12(1)，107-119。
13.	Miller, George A.(1956)。The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information。The Psychological Review，63(2)，81-97。

學位論文
1.	Molla, S. T.(1987)。A comparison of college students' attitude toward computers(博士論文)。The University of Tennessee，Knoxivile。
2.	林曉妮(1997)。電腦態度與電腦素養的影響因素探討--小學生的實地實驗研究(碩士論文)。國立中央大學。延伸查詢

圖書
1.	Czaja, S. J.、Lee, C. C.(2001)。The internet and older adults: Design challenges and opportunities。Communication, technology and aging: opportunities and challenges for the future。NY：Springer Publishing Co。
2.	陳榮華、陳心怡(2002)。魏氏成人智力量表第三版(WAIS-III)中文版指導手冊。臺北：中國行為科學社。延伸查詢
3.	Salthouse, T. A.(1991)。Theoretical perspectives on cognitive aging。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。

其他
1.	Egan, D. E.(1988)。Individual differences in human-computer interaction，Amsterdam：Elsevier Science。
2.	Garfein, A. J., Schaie, K. W. & Willis, S. L.(1988)。Microcomputer proficiency in later-middle-aged and older adults: Teaching old dogs new tricks。
3.	Hultsch, D. F., Hertzog, C., Dixon, R. A. and Small, B. J.(1998)。Memory changes in the aged，New York：Cambridge University Press。
4.	Lin, D-Y. M.(2003)。Hypertext for the aged: Effects of text topology。
5.	Lin, D-Y. M.(2002)。Impacts of presentation media on older adults’ performance in hypertext perusal as a function of text topology。
6.	McDonald, S. & Stevenson, R. J.(1998)。Effects of text structure and prior knowledge of the learner on hypertext navigation。
7.	National Research Council(1997)。More than screen deep: Toward every-citizen interfaces to the nation’s information infrastructure，Washington, D. C.：National Academy Press。
8.	Russell, A. L.(1995)。Stages in learning new technology: Naïve adult email users。
9.	Stuart-Hamilton, I.(2000)。The psychology of ageing，London：Jessica Kingsley Publishers。

圖書論文
1.	Rogers, W. A.、Campbell, R. H.、Pak, R.(2001)。A systems approach for training older adults to use technology。Communication, technology and aging: Opportunities and challenges for the future。New York, NY：Springer Publishing。
2.	Craik, F. I. M.、Byrd, M.(1982)。Aging and cognitive deficits: The role of attentional resources。Aging and cognitive processes。New York：Plenum。
3.	Salthous, T. A.(1992)。Reasoning and spatial abilities。The handbook of aging and cognition。Hillsdale, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
4.	Kirasic, K. C.、Allen, G. L.(1985)。Aging, spatial performance, and spatial competence。Aging and human performance。
5.	Brickfield, C. F.(1984)。Attitudes and perceptions of older people toward technology。Aging and technological advances。New York：Plenum。
6.	Park, D. C.(1999)。The basic mechanisms accounting for the age-related decline in cognitive function。Cognitive aging: A primer。Philadelphia, PA：Psychology Press。

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