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題名:自由與安全--美國的歷史經驗
書刊名:臺灣民主季刊
作者:嚴震生
作者(外文):Yen, J. Chen-shen
出版日期:2004
卷期:1:3
頁次:頁49-72
主題關鍵詞:公民自由國家安全多元社會種族定性Civil libertiesNational securityPluralistic societyRacial profile
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 點閱點閱:23
國人自由與國家安全雖然並非相互排斥,但不可否認地在戰時或緊急狀況時,政府會以國家安全為由,限制或剝奪個人在平時所享有、並視為理所當然的公民自由。即使在長期施行民主政治、特別強調尊重人權的美國,基於國家安全的考量而讓個人自由受到妥協或侵犯的情形,亦經常出現在其歷史中。隨著美國社會的多元化,和公民自由意識的提升,即使是在九一一恐怖攻擊事件後,美國司法單位亦無法以國家安全為由,而為所欲為地限制個人公民自由。
Individual liberty and national security are not mutually exclusive concepts. However, during wartimes or emergencies, with national security as primary concern, government tends to limit or deprive individual civil liberties that have been enjoyed and taken for granted during peace time. Even for a country like the United States that has been an established democracy and which places special emphasis on respecting human rights, cases of compromising and infringing of individual liberties in the name of national security continue to surface in its history. With an evolving pluralistic society and greater consciousness of civil liberties, the law enforcing agencies in the United States, even in the aftermath of the terrorist attack of September 11, can no longer curtail civil liberties at will.
期刊論文
1.嚴震生(19960600)。美國憲法對「免於自證其罪」的保障:「米蘭達權利」的爭議。美歐月刊,11(6)=122,120-141。  延伸查詢new window
2.Braber, Liam(2002)。Korematsu's Ghost: A Post-September 11th Analysis of Race and National Security。Villanova Law Review,47(2),451-490。  new window
3.Davidson, Deirdre(2001)。Greater Leverage for INS Causes Some Concern。San Francisco Recorder,28,3。  new window
4.Galloway, Heath H.(2002)。Don'€™t Forget What We'€™re Fighting For: Will the Fourth Amendment Be a Casualty of the War on Terrorism?。Washington and Lee Law Review,59(3),921-974。  new window
5.Herzog, Micah(2002)。Is Korematsu Good Law in the Face of Terrorism? Procedural Due Process in the Security Versus Liberty Debate。Georgetown Immigration Low Journal,16(3),685-703。  new window
6.Holt, Pat M.(2002)。Will We Win the War, But Lose Our Freedom。Christian Science Monitor,2,9。  new window
7.Lin, Elbert(2003)。Korematsu Continued。Yale Law Journal,112(7),1911-1918。  new window
8.Palmer, Elizabeth A.(2001)。Terrorism Bill's Sparse Paper Trail May Cause Legal Vulnerabilities。Congressional Quarterly Weekly,27,2533。  new window
9.Rothschild, Matthew(2002)。The New McCarthyism。The Progressive,1,18。  new window
10.Tushnet, Mark(2003)。Defending Korematsu? Reflections on Civil Liberties in Wartime。Wisconsin Law Review,2,273-308。  new window
11.Cole, David(2003)。The New McCarthyism: Repeating History in the War on Terrorism。Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review,38(1),1-30。  new window
12.嚴震生(19960300)。由美國憲法判例看新聞自由、誹謗、及隱私權的爭議。美歐月刊,11(3)=119,106-124。  延伸查詢new window
13.嚴震生(19961000)。免於無理的拘捕、搜索與扣押: 美國憲法第四條修正案之探討。美歐月刊,11(10)=126,72-94。  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.嚴震生(2002)。Civil Liberties Issues in the Aftermath of the September 11th Terrorist Attacks。The International Conference on Change of US Government and Policy after September 11th Attacks,Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica (會議日期: 2002/12/4-12/5)。  new window
圖書
1.嚴震生(1998)。美國最高法院與宗教自由:「禁止設置條款」與「自由行使條款」的爭議。台北:志一。  延伸查詢new window
2.Barkan, Elazar(2000)。The Guilt of Nations。New York:Norton。  new window
3.Brown, Cynthia(2003)。Lost Liberties: Ashcroft and the Assault on Personal Freedom。New York:London:The New Press。  new window
4.Chang, Nancy、Zinn, Howard(2002)。Silencing the Dissent: How Post-September 11 Antiterrorism Measures Threaten Our Civil Liberties。New York:Seven Stories Press。  new window
5.Cole, David、Dempsey, James X.(2002)。Terrorism and the Constitution: Sacrificing Civil Liberties in the Name of National Security。New York:The New Press。  new window
6.Freeman, Michael(2003)。Freedom or Security: The Consequences for Democracy Using Emergency Powers to Fight Terror。Westport, Connecticut:London:Praegers。  new window
7.Goldberg, Danny、Goldberg, Victor、Greenwald, Robert、Garofalo, Janeane(2003)。It's a Free Country: Personal Freedom in America after September 11。Thunder's Mouth Press/Nation Books。  new window
8.International Bar Association's Task Force on International Terrorism(2003)。International Terrorism: Legal Challenges and Responses。Ardsley, New York:Transnational Publishers, Inc.。  new window
9.Irons, Peter H.(1984)。Justice at War: The Story of the Japanese-American Internment Cases。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
10.Irons, Peter H.(1989)。Justice Delayed: The Records of the Japanese-American Internment Cases。Middletown, CT:Wesleyan University Press。  new window
11.Lawson, Elizabeth(1952)。The Reign of Witches: The Struggle Against the Alien and Sedition Laws。New York:Civil Right Congress。  new window
12.Leone, Richard C.、Arnig, Greg, Jr.(2003)。The War on Our Freedoms: Civil Liberties in an Age of Terrorism。New York:The Century Foundation。  new window
13.Neely, Mark E., Jr.(1991)。The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
14.Peltson, J. W.(1994)。Corwin & Peltason's Understanding the Constitution。Fort Worth, Texas:Harcourt Brace。  new window
15.Rehnquist, William(1998)。All the Laws But One: Civil Liberties in Wartime。New York:Knopf。  new window
16.Smith, James Morton(1956)。Freedom'€™s Fetters: The Alien and Sedition Laws and American Civil Liberties。Ithaca, New York:Cornell University Press。  new window
17.United States Commission on Wartime Relocation、Internment of Civilians(1983)。Personal Justice Denied。Washington, D. C.:United States Government Printing Office。  new window
18.Yamamoto, Eric, K.、Chon, Margaret、Izumi, Carol L.、Kang, Jerry、Wu, Frank H.(2001)。Race, Rights, and Reparation: Law and the Japanese-American Internment。Gaithersburg, Maryland:Aspen。  new window
19.Caute, David(1978)。The Great Fear: The Anti-Communist Purge Under Truman and Eisenhower。New York:Simon and Schuster。  new window
20.Miller, John C.(1951)。Crisis in Freedom: The Alien and Sedition Acts。Boston:Little, Brown。  new window
其他
1.Brennan, William J., Jr.(1987)。The Quest to Develop a Jurisprudence of Civil Liberties in Time of Security Crisis,Jerusalem:Law School of Hebrew University。,http://www.brennancenter.org/resources/downloads/nation_security_bren-nan.pdf, 2004/08/02。  new window
2.Krim, Jonathan(20010918)。Anti-Terror Push Stirs Fears for Liberties: Rights Groups United to Seek Safeguards。  new window
3.Siggins, Peter(2004)。Racial Profiling in an Age of Terrorism,Santa Clara。,http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/ethicalperspectives/profiling.html, 2004/08/02。  new window
圖書論文
1.Cloud, Stanley(2003)。The Fog of War: Covering the War on Terrorism。The War on Our Freedoms: Civil Liberties in an Age of Terrorism。New York:Public Affairs。  new window
2.Whitaker, Reg(2003)。After 9/11: A Surveillance State?。Lost Liberties: Ashcroft and the Assault on Personal Freedom。New York:London:The New Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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