This paper aims to explore the relative importance of economic and cultural factors in the inter-countries book copyright trade. The analysis is based on the data of book copyright trade between mainland China and five Asia countries or areas which are commonly belong to the so-called Confucian Cultural Circle from 1998 to 2003. It is found that, at least within the discussed countries or areas, the cultural distance has a significant effect on the book copyright trade between the two countries while the economic development level shows no significant influence. The implications of these findings are also discussed.