This paper focuses on the problem of graphic design as belonging or not belonging to the realm of “Art”. This question is analysed through graphic design in Popular China, where it appeared in the 1990’. The advantage of graphic design compared to other forms of visual expression is related to its international use and practice, by people who have identical motivations. The relationships between graphic design and politics, market, and social status are thus examined. After having explained the specific functioning of graphic design, the paper studies the strategies and the reasons that allow an originally non artistic activity to become a recognised art with its own theory.