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題名：分散式專案動態排程之代理人補償式策略協商模式
書刊名：資訊管理學報
作者：陳以明／王世昌
作者(外文)：Chen, Y. M.／Wang, Shih-chang
出版日期：2007
卷期：14:1
頁次：頁237-272
主題關鍵詞：代理人；動態排程；協商模式；協商策略；協商協定；Agent；Dynamic scheduling；Negotiation model；Negotiation strategy；Negotiation protocol
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本文提出以代理人為基礎的補償式策略協商模式，以解決分散式專案工作於執行階段，因資源不足所產生工作延誤的動態排程問題。模式主要由工作代理人、效用函數、協商策略演算法及協商協定所組成。其中，自我利益(self-interested)的工作代理人，代表專案成員所負責執行的工作任務，能以專案成員個別的利益及偏好考量；在分散式架構、惰時策略及補償機制的運作環境下，任何執行中的工作因資源不足所產生時程延誤的問題，該工作代理人能即在效用函數及協商策略的運作下，透過協商協定的互動機制，與其他時程可能受影響的工作代理人協商補償金的償付，以補償其採取配合時程變更行動所造成的損失。在分散式專案工作於執行階段，因資源不足產生工作延誤的動態排程問題，以即時、動態的補償式策略協商模式運作下，達到符合各專案成員利益的平衡點。最後，本文以一案例探討在補償式策略協商模式中，代理人如何協同合作，進行動態排程的補償金協商過程。
In this paper, we propose a generalized agent-based compensatory strategic-negotiation model that uses compensatory negotiation to solve distributed project dynamic scheduling for the sake of resource discrepancy of activity at project executing phase. The framework of the model comprises activity agent, utility function, negotiation strategy algorithm and negotiation protocol. In this model, there are many self-interested activity agents on behalf of activities of distributed subcontractors in multi-contract projects. Under the distributed architecture, each of them can coordinate and cooperate with one another that act under his subcontractor's own benefits and preferences with slack time strategy and compensation mechanism. Through the utility function and negotiation strategy of activity agent, if any delay of an activity schedule is occurred by resource discrepancy at activity executing stage, the activity agents associated with this activity can negotiate automatically for dynamic scheduling with others whose schedules are affected by the delay and make an agreement of satisfied payment to compensate their loss. By the process of negotiation protocol in this model, agents can interact without a hitch in negotiation. Finally, a scenario of distributed project dynamic scheduling is discussed to perform our agent-based compensatory strategic-negotiation model.
期刊論文
1.Yan, Y.、Kuphal, T.、Bode, J.(2000)。Application of Multiagent Systems in Project Management。International Journal of Production Economics，68，185-197。  new window
2.Oliver, Jim R.(1996)。A Machine-learning Approach to Automated Negotiation and Prospects for Electronic Commerce。Journal of Management Information Systems，13(3)，83-112。  new window
3.Durfee, E. H.、Lesser, V. R.、Corkill, D. D.(1989)。Trends in Cooperative Distributed Problem Solving。IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering，1(1)，63-83。  new window
4.Nwana, H. S.、Lee, L. C.、Jennings, N. R.(1996)。Coordination in Software Agent Systems。The British Telecom Technical Journal，14(4)，79-88。  new window
5.Wooldridge, M.、Jennings, N. R.(1995)。Intelligent Agents: Theory and Practice。The Knowledge Engineering Review，10(2)，115-152。  new window
6.Tsemg, H. P.、Lin, W. Y.(2003)。Developing an electronic acquisition model for project scheduling using XML-based information standard。Automation in Construction，12，67-95。  new window
7.Jennings, N. R.、Sycara, K.、Wooldridge, M.(1998)。A Roadmap of Agent Research and Development。Autonomous Agents and Multi-agent Systems，1(1)，7-38。  new window
8.Chun, H. W.、Wong, Y. M.(2003)。N* - An Agent-based Negotiation Algorithm for Dynamic Scheduling and Rescheduling。Advanced Engineering Informatics，17(1)，1-22。  new window
9.Jungen, F. J.、Kowalczyk, W.(1995)。An Intelligent Interactive Project Management Support System。European Journal of Operational Research，84(1)，60-81。  new window
10.O'Brien, W.、Jucker, J. V.、Fischer, M. A.(1995)。An Economic View of Project Coordination。Construction Management and Economics，13(5)，393-400。  new window
11.Ulusoy, G.、Ozdamar, L.(1996)。A Framework for an Interactive Project Scheduling System under Limited Resources。European Journal of Operational Research，90(2)，362-375。  new window
12.Sen, S.、Durfee, E. H.(1998)。A Formal Study of Distributed Meeting Scheduling Group Decision and Negotiation。Group Decision and Negotiation Support System，7，265-289。  new window
13.Jennings, N. R.、Faratin, P.、Lomuscio, A. R.、Parsons, S.、Sierra, C.、Wooldridge, M.(2001)。Automated Negotiation: Prospects, Methods and Challenges。International Journal of Group Decision and Negotiation，10(2)，199-215。  new window
14.Yen, B. P.-C.(2002)。Communication Infrastructure in Distributed Scheduling。Computers & Industrial Engineering，42，149-161。  new window
15.Kim, K、Paulson, B.、Levitt, R.、Fischer, M. A.、Petrie, C.(2003)。Distributed Coordination of Project Schedule Changes Using Agent-based Compensatory Negotiation Methodology。Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing，17，115-131。  new window
16.Smith, S. F.(1992)。Knowledge-based Production Management: Approaches, Results and Prospects。Production Planning & Control，3(4)，350-380。  new window
17.Dorn, J.、Kerr, R.、Thalhammer, G.(1995)。Reactive Scheduling: Improving the Robustness of Schedules and Restricting the Effects of Shop Floor Disturbances by Fuzzy Reasoning。International Journal on Human Computer Studies，42(6)，687-704。  new window
18.Abumaizar, R. J.、Svestka, J. A.(1997)。Rescheduling Job Shops under Random Disruptions。International Journal of Production Research，35(7)，2065-2082。  new window
會議論文
1.Aigner, C.、Dorn, J.、Girsch, M.(2000)。Cooperation between a Simulation Environment and a Reactive Scheduling System。0。  new window
研究報告
1.Kim, Kee-Soo(2001)。Distributed Coordination of Project Schedule Changes: An Agent-based Compensatory Negotiation Approach。0。  new window
圖書
1.Russell, S.、Norving, P.(2003)。Artificial Intelligence a Modern Approach。Artificial Intelligence a Modern Approach。0：Pearson Education。  new window
2.Kraus, S.(2001)。Strategic Negotiation in Multiagent Environments。Cambridge, MA：The MIT Press。  new window
3.Raiffa, H.(1982)。“The Art and Science of Ne gotiation”。Harvard University, USA：Harvard University Press。  new window
4.Ferber, J.(1999)。Multi-Agent Systems: An Introduction to Distributed Artificial Intelligence。New York, NY：Addison-Wesley Longman。  new window
5.Hegazy, T.(2002)。Computer-based Construction Project Management。Computer-based Construction Project Management。Upper Saddle River, NJ。  new window
6.Kerr, R.、Szelke, E.(1995)。Artificial Intelligence in Reactive Scheduling。Artificial Intelligence in Reactive Scheduling。Boston, MA。  new window
7.Sauer, J.(1999)。Knowledge-based Scheduling Techniques in Industry。Knowledge-based Scheduling Techniques in Industry。Boca Raton, FL。  new window
8.Huhns, M. N.、Stephens, L. M.(1999)。Multiagent Systems and Societies of Agents。Multiagent Systems: A Modern Approach to Distributed Artificial Intelligence。Cambridge, MA。  new window
9.Zambonelli, F.、Jennings, N. R.、Omicini, A.、Wooldridge, M.(2000)。Agent-oriented Software Engineering for Internet Applications。Coordination of Internet Agents: Models, Technologies and Applications。Heidelberg, Germany。  new window
 
 
 
 
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