Maintaining Status Quo Across the Taiwan Strait : A Constructivist/Institutionalist Perspective_

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題名：	Maintaining Status Quo Across the Taiwan Strait : A Constructivist/Institutionalist Perspective
書刊名：	Issues & Studies
作者：	Wu, Der-yuan
出版日期：	2008
卷期：	44:1
頁次：	頁33-69
主題關鍵詞：	Status quo across the Taiwan strait；American foreign policy；Social constructivism；New institutionalism；Structuration
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:11 點閱:23

This paper examines the role the United States has played in the maintenance of the status quo across the Taiwan Strait from a constructivist/ institutionalist perspective. My research questions are: In what way has the United States helped preserve peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait? And in the process, how has the United States reproduced the status quo arrangement to shape the interests of Beijing and Taipei? It is maintained that a status quo arrangement has developed across the Strait which the United States has helped to construct andwhich is supported to varying degrees by Beijing and Taipei. This status quo institution has been created and reinforced through direct codification as well through an indirect process of structuration. The three Washington-Beijing joint communiqués and the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) form the first stage of institutional development through formal codification which emphasizes the use of peaceful means on both sides for the final resolution of the situation. Since the late 1990s, the construction and reproduction of the status quo arrangement, which generally follows a pattern of "neither use of force nor de jure independence," has been undertaken primarily through policy statements or actions. These policy statements normally uphold such supreme values as "prosperity," "stability," or "peace." They also help sustain the regulative, normative, or cognitive pillars of the status quo institution through the strategies of stigmatization, role conferment, or internalization. The main purpose of the status quo institution, instantiated by repeated policy statements or actions, is to shape the policy discourses, preferences, and interests of Beijing and Taipei. Although Beijing and Taipei are not merely passive and sometimes seek to test the rules or promote alternative norms, this behavior has not been sustained. If they have taken action, it has often been rationalized to ensure that the core values were not directly challenged. As such, it is concluded that the construction and reproduction of the status quo institution has been considerably effective so far, if not completely successful.

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期刊論文
1.	林岡(20070600)。U.S. Strategies in Maintaining Peace across the Taiwan Strait。Issues & Studies，43(2)，217-236。
2.	Marble, Andrew D.(20020300)。The "Taiwan Threat" Hypothesis。Issues & Studies，38(1)，1-16。
3.	Brown, David G.(2005)。China-Taiwan Relations: Campaign Fallout。Comparative Connections，6(4)，89-96。
4.	Garrett, Banning(2006)。U.S.-China Relations in the Era of Globalization and Terror: A Framework for Analysis。Journal of Contemporary China，15，389-415。
5.	Hirsch, Paul M.(1997)。Sociology Without Social Structure: Neo-Institutional Theory Meets Brave New World。American Journal of Sociology，102(6)，1702-1723。
6.	Houghton, David Patrick(2007)。Reinvigorating the Study of Foreign Policy Decision Making: Toward a Constructivist Approach。Foreign Policy Analysis，3(1)，24-45。
7.	Lieberthal, Kenneth(2005)。Preventing a War in the Taiwan Strait。Foreign Affairs，84(2)，53-63。
8.	Sutter, Robert(2006)。The Taiwan Problem in the Second George W. Bush Administration: U.S. Officials' Views and Their Implications for U.S. Policy。Journal of Contemporary China，15，417-441。
9.	楊永明(2006)。Doubly Dualistic Dilemma: U.S. Strategies towards China and Taiwan。International Relations of the Asia-Pacific，6(2)，209-225。
10.	Marble, Andrew D.(20000100)。Introduction: The PRC at the Dawn of the Twenty-first Century: Why the "China Threat" Debate?。Issues & Studies，36(1)，1-18。
11.	Finnemore, Martha、Sikkink, Kathryn(2001)。Taking Stock: The Constructivist Research Program in International Relations and Comparative Politics。Annual Review of Political Science，4(1)，391-416。
12.	Finnemore, M.、Sikkink, K.(1996)。Norms, Culture, and World Politics: Insights from Sociology's Institutionalism。International Organization，50(2)，325-347。
13.	Krasner, Stephen D.(1988)。Sovereignty: An Institutional Perspective。Comparative Political Studies，21(1)，66-94。
14.	Hall, Peter A.、Taylor, Rosemary C. R.(1996)。Political Science and the Three New Institutionalisms。Political Studies，44(5)，936-957。
15.	Clark, Cal(20060900)。The U.S. Balancing Role in Cross-Strait Relations: The Irony of "Muddling Through"。Issues & Studies，42(3)，129-163。

會議論文
1.	陳一新(2005)。America's Policy toward Both Sides of the Strait: No Longer Balance。The conference on the Foreign Policy of the Bush Administration: Review and Prospect，(會議日期: July 2)。Taipei。
2.	Romberg, Alan D.(2007)。The U.S. 'One China' Policy: Time for a Change?。The 16th Annual Charles Neuhauser Memorial Lecture，John K. Fairbank Center of Harvard University (會議日期: October 24)。

圖書
1.	Meyer, John W.、Scott, W. Richard(1992)。Organizational Environments: Ritual and Rationality。London：Sage。
2.	Romberg, Alan D.(2003)。Rein in at the Brink of the Precipice: American Policy toward Taiwan and U.S.-PRC Relations。Washington, DC：Henry L. Stimson Center。
3.	Douglas, Mary(1986)。How Institutions Think。Syracuse, New York：Syracuse University Press。
4.	Kan, Shirley A.(2006)。China/Taiwan: Evolution of the 'One China' Policy: Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei。Washington, D.C.：Congressional Research Service。
5.	Giddens, Anthony(1979)。Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure, and Contradiction in Social Analysis。University of California Press。
6.	Jervis, Robert(1978)。Perception and Misperception in International Politics。Princeton, NJ：Princeton University Press。
7.	Ruggie, John Gerard(2001)。Institutions and Organizations。London：Sage。
8.	Ruggie, John Gerard(1998)。Constructing the World Polity: Essays in International Institutionalization。Routledge。
9.	Copper, John Franklin(1992)。China Diplomacy: The Washington-Taipei-Beijing Triangle。Westview Press。
10.	Merton, Robert K.(1957)。Social Theory and Social Structure。New York：Free Press。
11.	DiMaggio, Paul J.、Powell, Walter W.(1991)。The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。
12.	Goldstein, Judith、Keohane, Robert O.(1993)。Ideas and Foreign Policy: Beliefs, Institutions, and Political Change。Cornell University Press。
13.	Giddens, Anthony(1984)。The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration。Cambridge：Polity Press。
14.	Searle, John R.(1995)。The Construction of Social Reality。New York：Free Press。
15.	Bush, Richard C.(2005)。Untying the Knot: Making Peace in the Taiwan Strait。Washington, DC：Brookings Institution Press。
16.	Bush, Richard C.(2004)。At Cross Purposes: U.S.-Taiwan Relations since 1942。New York：M. E. Sharpe。
17.	Tucker, Nancy Bernkopf(2005)。Dangerous Strait: The U.S.-Taiwan-China Crisis。New York, NY：Columbia University Press。
18.	Searle, John R.(1969)。Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language。Cambridge University Press。
19.	Scott, W. Richard(1992)。Organizations: Rational, Natural, and Open Systems。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice-Hall。
20.	Berger, Peter L.、Luckmann, Thomas(1967)。The social construction of reality: A treatise in the sociology of knowledge。Doubleday。

其他
1.	Christensen, Thomas J.(2003)。New Challenges and Opportunities in the Taiwan Strait: Defining America's Role，http://www.ncuscr.org。

圖書論文
1.	吳得源(2005)。Canada and the Global Diffusion of 'One China'。New Institutionalism: Theory and Analysis。Toronto：University of Toronto Press。
2.	DiMaggio, P. J.、Powell, W. W.(1991)。Introduction。The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis。Chicago：The University of Chicago Press。
3.	Granovetter, Mark S.(1992)。Problems of Explanation in Economic Sociology。Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form, and Action。Boston, Massachusetts：Harvard Business School Press。
4.	Jepperson, Ronald L.(1991)。Institutions, Institutional Effects, and Institutionalism。The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。

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