抗力球運動起源於1963年，瑞士的Susan博士運用在脊椎物理治療上，增進病人的平衡，中華民國有氧體能運動協會於1996年將抗力球引進國內，運用在健身訓練課程中。抗力球之訓練原理是：在非穩定的球表面上訓練肌耐力並且平衡身體。本研究目的：在探討六週抗力球訓練對大學生軀幹肌耐力、柔軟度與平衡能力的影響。方法：是以43名健康大學男、女生為研究對象，以隨機方式分為抗力球肌力訓練組和器械式阻力訓練組，每組每次實施50分鐘，每週2次、為期六週的訓練課程，於六週訓練前後檢測靜、動態平衡能力（閉眼單足立、平衡木來回走）、腹、背部靜態肌耐力（水平俯臥下背支撐、屈膝仰臥腹肌支撐）、腹、背部動態肌耐力（俯身提背、一分鐘仰臥起坐）、及柔軟度（坐姿體前彎、全身轉動測試）。以混合設計雙因子變異數分析為統計方法，以α=.05為顯著水準。結果：阻力訓練組與抗力球組在靜態平衡、腹部靜態肌耐力、腹部動態肌耐力與全身轉動測驗前後測差異均達顯著水準(p<.05)；動態平衡與腹、背部動態肌耐力前後測差異並未達到顯著；在坐姿體前彎測驗中，阻力訓練組前後測達顯著水準(p<.05)，但抗力球組的前後測則未達顯著水準(p>.05)。結論：六週抗力球肌力訓練與器械式阻力訓練均有助於大學生之平衡、柔軟度與腹部動、靜態肌耐力之提昇；而其中在動態平衡方面，抗力球組之訓練成效又顯著優於器械式阻力訓練組。

Dr. Susan is the first person using Swiss ball as a tool in spinal physical therapy to promote balance of patients, and Aerobic Fitness & Health Association of R.O.C. imports it in the gym courses in 1996. The principle of Swiss ball is to train muscular endurance and to balance body on an unstable surface. An aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 6-week Swiss ball training upon the muscular endurance, flexibility and balance of undergraduates. 43 health female and male undergraduates were randomly divided into 2 groups, Swiss ball-training group and resistance-training group. For theses two groups, the training was 50 min each time, 2 times a week and persisted for 6 weeks. In order to compare the effect of Swiss ball training with that of resistance training, balance (standing on one foot with eyes closed and balance beam walk), static muscular endurance of abdomen and dorsum (horizontal push-up and bending knees and facing up with abdominal muscle’s brace), dynamic muscular endurance (back extension and bent-leg curl-ups in 1 min) and flexibility (sit and reach test and total body rotation test) were used as indices. All statistical tests were considered significant at α=.05 and two-way ANOVA was used. The results showed that both Swiss ball and resistance training had a significant effects on static balance, static muscular endurance of abdomen and dynamic muscular endurance of abdomen (p<.05), respectively, however, they did not have significant effects upon dynamic balance, dynamic muscular endurance of dorsum and static muscular endurance of dorsum (p<.05). The sit and reach test showed significant difference in resistance training, but there was no significant difference in Swiss ball training. Both Swiss ball training and resistance may contribute to promote balance, flexibility and muscular endurance of abdomen of undergraduates.