本文主要從《變形記》中的父子關係為出發點，欲探討小說中存在於父親與兒子的衝突與矛盾情懷。一般論者在研究卡夫卡的小說時，常認為卡夫卡小說中的人物就是他自己的化身。事實證明卡夫卡在《變形記》中所傳遞的並不只是單純的父親與兒子的倫理問題而已，小說在其中更透露出生存於父權社會中的憂慮與痛苦。 因此本論文會先就父子關係的衝突與矛盾做深入的探討，小說中的父親對兒子愛之深責之切的行為頗令人猜疑，其中很大一項因素在於父親將兒子視為所有物所致；其次，論文將引用拉岡相關理論，進而論及在父權社會中，不論身分為何，只要是已受父權社會觀念根深蒂固影響的人物，終生都將受其所苦，此也揭示出人生存於社會上的無奈。再者，本文除了談父子關係外，也會以拉岡的理論處理女性的問題。

This article mainly started from the paternity of the Die Verwandlung. To discuss the existing conflict and contradiction feelings between the father and the son of the novel. Generally, when commentators are studying Kafka’s novels, they think that the personages in Kafka’s novels are the embodiment of himself. The fact is that in Kafka’s Die Verwandlung , not only the morals problem between the father and the son has been passed on, but also the melancholy and suffering in patriarchy society were revealed. Therefore, in this thesis, I will research into the conflict and contradiction of the paternity. Also, in this novel, the father’s behavior of “He who loves well chastises well.” is quite suspicious, one of the reasons is that the father thought his son belonged to him. And then, this thesis will quote Lacan’s theory to touch upon that someone who has accepted the concept of patriarchy society, he will be influenced for his whole life. That also reveals that human being has no choice sometimes in this society. Besides discussing the paternity, this thesis will also discuss the issue of feminine by Lacan’s theory.