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題名:超驗主體間性的構成及其超驗主體間意識共同化的構成認識--從胡塞爾的「發生」現象學來看
書刊名:東吳哲學學報
作者:江偉峰
作者(外文):Chiang, Wei-feng
出版日期:2010
卷期:22
頁次:頁47-82
主題關鍵詞:胡塞爾發生現象學超驗主體間性越驗主體間共同化超驗同感作用HusserlGenetic phenomenologyTranscendental intersubjectivityTranscendental intersubjective communalizationTranscendental empathy
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摘 要 本文嘗試就胡塞爾「發生」現象學的方法觀點,再次檢視超驗現象學 是否可能陷落於一種無法建立知識普遍客觀性之「獨我論」的危險困境。因 此主要的任務,無非即是就「被動發生」與「主動發生」的兩個意識層次, 深入探討作為發生構成「超驗主體間性(超驗他者/他我)」及其「超驗主 體間意識共同化的認識」之「超驗同感作用」,如何可能此一根本問題。而 在對於「超驗同感作用」如何可能此一根本問題所進行之深入探討的整個 過程中,我們則將首先探明「超驗同感作用」所預設之先行發生的諸動機 條件;其次探明意識潛在背景中作為「被動類比統覺」(「被動附現」)之 「被動同感作用」;再其次則探明意識前景中作為「主動類比統覺」(「主 動附現」)之「主動同感作用」。此外,我們也將更進而理解,「超驗同感 作用」究竟可在「多低限度」的意識預設條件下運作發生;並指出「超驗同 感作用」之諸意識預設條件的運作過程,是否僅限於對「自我與其他的身體 形體」的「視覺構成意識」這樣一種發展取向。最後,我們則將嘗試解明, 「超驗同感作用」究竟如何可能「有真實根據地」發生構成「超驗主體間性 (超驗他者/他我)」及其「超驗主體間意識共同化的認識」。
Abstract Based on the methodological view of Husserl’s “genetic” phenomenology this paper attempts to re-examine whether transcendental phenomenology might be mired in the dangerous predicament of a kind of “Solipsismus” which makes it impossible to establish the universal objectivity of knowledge. Hence our main task here is to probe deeply, in terms of two conscious levels of “passive genesis” and “active genesis”, into this fundamental question: how is “transcendental empathy” possible which genetically constitutes “transcendental intersubjectivity (transcendental Other/other I)” and “transcendental intersubjectively conscious communalized knowing”. And in the whole process of probing deeply into this fundamental question of how possible “transcendental empathy” is, we will investigate first, the antecedent motivational conditions presupposed by “transcendental empathy”; secondly, “passive empathy” as “passive analogous apperception” (passive appresentation) in the underlying background of consciousness; and thirdly, “active empathy” as “active analogous apperception” (active appresentation) in the foreground of consciousness. Moreover, we will also go further to find out “how low the limits” of the conditions presupposed by consciousness could be under which “transcendental empathy” can occur and operate; and point out whether the conditions presupporsed by consciousness in the operating process of “transcendental empathy” are restricted to this developmental aspect of “visional constitutive consciousness” of “my bodily shape and other bodilyshape”. Finally, we will try to make clear how “transcendental empathy” is possible “with real grounds”, to genetically constitute “transcendental intersubjectivity (transcendental Other/other I)” and “transcendental intersubjectively conscious communalized knowing”.
圖書
1.Husserl, Edmund(1976)。Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Erstes Buch: Allgemeine Einführung in die reine Phänomenologie。Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Erstes Buch: Allgemeine Einführung in die reine Phänomenologie。Den Haag。  new window
2.Husserl, Edmund(1973)。Cartesianische Meditationen und Pariser Vorträge。Martinus Nijhoff。  new window
3.Husserl, Edmund、李幼蒸(1996)。純粹現象學通論:純粹現象學和現象學哲學的觀念。北京:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
4.Husserl, Edmund、Cairns, Dorion(1973)。Cartesian Meditations: An Introduction to Phenomenology。Martinus Nijhoff。  new window
5.Husserl, Edmund、Biemel, Walter(1976)。Die Krisis der Europäischen Wissenschaften und die Transzendentale Phänomenologie。The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff。  new window
6.Husserl, Edmund(1982)。Ideas pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy (First book)。The Hague。  new window
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9.Piaget, J.、Ways, W.(1972)。The Principles of Genetic Epistemology。New York, NY。  new window
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11.Husserl, Edmund、Von Kern, Iso(1973)。Zur Phänomenologie der Intersubjektivität: Texte aus dem Nachlaß Dritter Teil: 1929-1935。Martinus Nijhoff。  new window
12.Husserl, Edmund、Carr, David(1970)。The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An introduction to phenomenological philosophy。Northwestern University Press。  new window
13.Husserl, Edmund(1991)。Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Zweites Buch: Phänomenologische Untersuchungen zur Konstitution (Ideen II)。Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Zweites Buch: Phänomenologische Untersuchungen zur Konstitution (Ideen II)。Dordrecht。  new window
14.Piaget, Jean(1997)。發生認識論原理。發生認識論原理。北京。  延伸查詢new window
15.Husserl, Edmund(2002)。笛卡爾式的沉思:先驗現象引論。笛卡爾式的沉思:先驗現象引論。北京。  延伸查詢new window
16.Hurlock, Elizabeth B.(1992)。兒童心理學。兒童心理學。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
17.Hurlock, Elizabeth B.(1968)。Developmental Psychology。Developmental Psychology。New York。  new window
18.Husserl, Edmund(1980)。Phantasie, Bildbewußtsein, Erinnerung: Zur Phänomenologie der anschaulichen Vergegenwärtigungen, Texte aus dem Nachlaß (1898-1925)。Phantasie, Bildbewußtsein, Erinnerung: Zur Phänomenologie der anschaulichen Vergegenwärtigungen, Texte aus dem Nachlaß (1898-1925)。Den Haag。  new window
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