The traditional extradition system is complicated and time-consuming, because it involves not only a purely judicial case, but also a state's sovereignty and foreign relations. Therefore, extradition requests have to go through double examination by both administrative and judicial authorities before a decision could be arrived by the administrative authority on giving permission to extradition or not. However, on June 13, 2002, the European Council passed the "Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant and the Surrender Procedures", and hence the extradition system between the member states of the European Union was abolished and replaced by the surrender system. In the new system, the request of surrender was categorized as the judicial case; the examination rights of administrative authority was abolished; the judicial authority was granted for examination and approval of requests; the Principle of Non-extradition for Political Offenses was abolished; the Principle of Non-extradition of Nationals and the Protection against Double Jeopardy were regarded as the reasons of comparative non-execution; many exceptive rules were revised for Principle of Double Criminality and Principle of Speciality. Most of all, the framework decision broken the traditional concept of national sovereignty, requested the state parties to concede their judicial sovereignties, and adopted the the principle of mutual recognition stipulating that the state parties must recognize the judicial decisions on EAW issued by other state parties, and must execute EAW, implement arrest activities and the procedures of surrender according to the requirements of the framework decision unless the reasons of non-execution of Article 3 and Article 4 of the framework decision are shown on the contents of examination and arrest warrant of executive state. By describing the clauses in this framework decision, and interpreting the difference between this framework decision and the extradition system, it is expected to provide an experience for Taiwan's practical operation, and a reference for future amendments to the extradition law.