背景 : 瞭解精神分裂症患者的生活品質隨時間改變之趨勢，及影響患者的生活品質之重要預測因子。 目的 : 探討精神分裂症患者一年後生活品質之重要預測因子。 方法 : 以臺灣版精神分裂症病人生活品質評量表為工具，進行結構性訪談。運用 SPSS 10.0套裝軟體進行統計分析。 結果 : 1.一年後之自尊、情感平衡、精神症狀有正向改善。但各層面之主觀生活品質，有下降的情形。2.以一年後 (T2) 之資料作分析，整體主觀生活品質與自尊、情感平衡呈顯著正相關，與情緒症狀呈顯著負相關，與正性症狀、負性症狀無顯著相關。3.三個迴歸分析結果：(1) 一年後的正向自我概念及負向情感、情緒症狀；(2) 先前的正向自我概念、情緒症狀；及 ⑶先前對居住狀況和休閒的主觀生活品質等變項，為一年後整體主觀生活品質之重要預測因子。 結論 : 本研究為縱貫性研究，採主客觀生活品質兼顧之訪談量表，以具體實證研究探究精神分裂症患者受生理－心理－社會因素不同程度之影響，更強調了醫療人員應以全人之觀點去照護患者的重要性，並使復健治療更具方向性。

BACKGROUND: The authors designed this study to identify QOL tendencies in schizophrenic patients over time and explore important predictive factors. METHODS: Researchers used structured interviews based on the Taiwanese version of the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile (LQOLP) to collect data. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS10.0. RESULTS: Results showed that: (1) subject “self esteem,” “balanced affect,” and “psychiatric symptoms” improved and life quality declined at one-year follow-up; (2) At time period 2, researchers identified significant correlations amongst subjective life quality, self esteem and balanced affect, a significant correlation between subjective life quality and affective symptoms, and no significant correlation between subjective life quality and positive / negative psychiatric symptoms; (3) Multiple regression analysis results showed positive self concept and negative affects, affective symptoms at time period 2, positive self concept and affective symptoms at time period 1, and living conditions and leisure aspects of subjective life quality at time period 1 to all be significant predictors of overall subjective life quality at the one-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: Using an instrument that emphasizes both subjective and objective aspects of quality of life, this longitudinal study demonstrated the bio-psycho-social influence on quality of life in patients with schizophrenia. Results enrich the holistic perspective of patient care and rehabilitation.