目的：本研究主要目的為探討我國超級籃球聯賽各比賽位置男子選手體能差異，並與國外優秀籃球選手的體能進行比較。方法：研究對象為21名（後衛6名、前鋒9名、中鋒6名）我國超級籃球聯賽選手，以不擺臂蹲跳及擺臂跨步垂直跳檢測下肢爆發力，以20公尺衝刺檢測速度，以505測試檢測敏捷度，以背肌力檢測儀測試背肌力，以5×6秒間歇測驗檢測無氧動力，並以20公尺多階段折返跑估計最大攝氧量。結果：各比賽位置在不擺臂蹲跳爆發力（後衛4154.2±417.7W；前鋒4525.2±318.7W；中鋒5005.7±384.8W）、敏捷性（左腳跨右轉身：後衛2.32±0.1秒、前鋒2.31±0.14秒、中鋒2.47±0.08秒；右腳跨左轉身；後衛2.27±0.97秒、前鋒2.31±0.14秒、中鋒2.46±0.08秒）；無氧動力（最大功率：後衛11.01±1.67W/Kg、前鋒10.55±1.76W/Kg、中鋒8.46±0.26W/Kg；總做功：後衛296.21±40.59J/Kg、前鋒277.85±46.32J/Kg、中鋒231.37±10.34J/Kg）具有顯著差異，經與國外文獻相比，超級籃球聯賽選手在速度、敏捷性、心肺耐力以及間歇無氧能力的表現低於國外優秀籃球選手。結論：後衛在各項指標的表現較為優異，中鋒在力量方面優於其他位置的選手，前鋒則比較平均而全面性發展。建議可於各個比賽時期，採用本研究之測驗方式進行檢測，作為評估訓練成效及選手傷後體能恢復狀況之評估依據。我國籃球選手在速度、敏捷性、心肺耐力以及間歇無氧能力提升，將有助於我國籃球運動在國際比賽的表現。

Purpose: Investigate the differences in fitness levels among Super Basketball League (SBL) players of various positions. The results were compared to the international elite basketball players. Methods: Twenty-one SBL players (6 guards, 9 forwards, and 6 centers) were recruited for this study. The explosive power of the lower limbs was measured by counter movement jump and squat jump. A 20-m sprint was used to measure the speed. The agility was measured by a 505 test. The back strength was used as an indicator of whole-body muscular strength. The anaerobic power was measured by a 5×6-second repeat-effort test. The aerobic capacity was measured by a 20-m multistage shuttle run test. Results: The significant differences among different playing positions were found in squat jump power (guard: 4154.2±417.7 W; forward: 4525.2±318.7 W; center: 5005.7±384.8 W), agility (left foot: guard: 2.32±0.1 sec; forward: 2.31±0.14 sec; center: 2.47±0.08 sec; right foot: guard: 2.27±0.97 sec; forward: 2.31±0.14 sec; center: 2.46±0.08 sec), anaerobic power (peak power: guard: 11.01±1.67 W/Kg, forward: 10.55±1.76 W/Kg, center: 8.46±0.26 W/Kg; total work: guard: 296.21±40.59 J/Kg, forward: 277.85±46.32 J/Kg, center 231.37±10.34 J/Kg). Compared to the fitness levels in international elite basketball players in the literature, SBL players had lower speed, agility, aerobic capacity, and anaerobic power. Conclusions: The results suggested that guards generally showed better performance in each test, while centers performed better in strength-related tests. Forwards were relatively average in each test. The test methods in this study can be used to evaluate the training effects in different training periods in basketball players. These methods can also be used to examine the degree of recovery after injuries. The training in SBL players need to emphasize on speed, agility, aerobic capacity, and anaerobic power in order to be successful in international competitions.