目的：比較不同性別與技能水準之網球選手在專項體能之差異。方法：受試者為國內大專甲組選手共71位，以不同性別與技能水準區分為：男性（49人）、女性（22人）、優秀組（40人）與一般組（31人），分別進行八種體能項目檢測，所得結果以獨立樣本二因子變異數分析（two-way ANOVA）考驗不同性別與技能水準網球選手在各項專項體能之差異情形，若交互作用效果顯著，則進行單純主要效果考驗，顯著水準訂為α=.05。結果：性別與技能水準兩因子之主要效果達顯著水準之體能測驗為：仰臥起坐、立定跳遠、羽球擲遠、10 m×4折返跑、米字形折返跑與12分鐘跑走。交互作用效果達顯著水準，並進行單純主要效果考驗之體能測驗為：立定跳遠之性別因子在一般組與優秀組皆達顯著差異，且男性優於女性，而技能水準因子在女性達顯著差異，且優秀組優於一般組；羽球擲遠之性別因子在一般組與優秀組皆達顯著差異，且男性優於女性，而技能水準因子在女性達顯著差異，且優秀組優於一般組；10 m×4折返跑之性別因子在一般組與優秀組皆達顯著差異，且男性優於女性，技能水準因子在女性有顯著差異，且優秀組優於一般組。結論：本研究中不同性別與技能水準之網球選手在性別與技能水準兩因子之主要效果達顯著水準有仰臥起坐、立定跳遠、羽球擲遠、10 m×4折返跑、米字形折返跑與12分鐘跑走等項目，顯示網球運動應針對這些專項體能因子的重視。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of fitness performance in collegiate level tennis players. Methods: seventy-one collegiate level tennis players (forty-nine males, twenty-two females) were recruited to participate in this study, which were divided into the elite group (E group, 40) normal group (N group, 31) according to their collegiate ranking. All participants had to finish eight fitness tests, including the flexibility (sit and reach, SR), muscular strength (throwing, TR), muscular endurance (sit-ups, SU), explosive power (standing long jump, SLJ), agility (ten meter shuttle run and x type shuttle run), speed (fifty meter sprint) and cardiorespiratory endurance (twelve minute running) tests. Two-way ANOVA was used to investigate the difference between in gender and the group's performance. Results: SLJ, TR, SU, ten meter shuttle run, x type shuttle run and twelve-minute running tests had significant differences in gender and group; the main effects analysis shown SLJ; Throwing and ten meter shuttle run tests had significant differences both in two groups and males are better than females, respectively. Skill performance in the female E group was better than N group. Conclusions: SLJ, TR, SU, ten meter shuttle run, x type shuttle run and twelve minute running tests shown significant differences in gender and group. We suggest that tennis periodization programs should focus on these special fitness performances.