Archaeological investigations at the Lajia site have led to the discovery of an abundance of unearthed materials related to food culture. At the same time there has been collaborative research in many areas of a multidisciplinary kind, and further investigative archaeological work, the results of which have already aroused widespread interest. Others are still in the process of further investigation. This has contributed rich materials for investigating of the development of society and the economy during the Qijia Culture period, the development of food culture, and social structure and the advance of civilization. In particular, the remains of wheaten noodles of the Qijia Culture period discovered at the Lajia site have led to multi-disciplinary research efforts leading to positive results and considerable international attention. The present paper will further investigate problems surrounding the discovery of wheaten noodles at the Lajia site, and will also re-examine the reliability of the discovery itself and the accuracy of scientific analysis and testing, and will respond to various doubts that have been raised. Through a general account and analysis of the archaeological materials related to food culture, this article will focus attention on a few aspects of civilizational development at the Lajia site and in Qijia culture, and will analyse and discuss the interrelationship between food culture, the beginnings of a ritual system, and the origins of civilization from the point of view of the historical development of food culture.