The Chinese-American Commercial and Navigation treaty of 1903 demonstrated American determination to protect their copyrights in China. From the late Qing to the early Republican period, many American intellectual properties had been plagiarized and misused by the Chinese, and accordingly the U. S. tried to take legal action in China by using the Commercial Treaty of 1903 as legal weapon. Through this process, the Chinese learned the most up-date information in the world about copyrights and their protection and helped Chinese intellectuals develop an understanding about international copyright protection agencies and laws. However, the gap between the USA and China was large since the Chinese then mainly focused on how to introduce foreign knowledge to China rather than protect international copyrights.A thorough study of the Sino-American negotiations in the area of copyright protections will help us better understand US-China relations and China's search for internationalization. By examining some important copyright cases between China and the USA, this paper tries to shed a new light on how the United States imposed its influences on China through international and multi-national organizations. The author argues that on the basis of China's own legal system and international law as well as the Sino-American Commercial Treaty of 1903, China was not legally bound to protect the copyrights of western books in China. Indeed, China accordingly won many lawsuit cases at the Mixed Court in the International Settlement. The Sino-American copyright cases were the unexpected success in the diplomatic history of modern China. This paper also demonstrates that through the legal process to fight American copyright violation law suits, the Chinese learned and discovered Western-style intellectual properties rights and the functions of International Organization for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works.