運動員相較於一般族群具有較高的吸菸比率，但是大專運動員吸菸行為與其胰島素敏感度還不是很清楚，故本研究目的為以橫斷式研究探討吸菸習慣對於大專運動員胰島素敏感度之相關性。以650名大專運動員為實驗對象，其中552名無吸菸習慣，98名具吸菸習慣（8.4 ± 0.7 支／天），所有受試者於空腹狀態測量血液醣類代謝、發炎以及肝臟損傷指標。研究結果顯示：以ANCOVA 於控制性別、飲酒量與年齡後， 吸菸運動員之血清胰島素、HOMA-IR（homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance）、HOMA-β（homeostasis model assessment β-cell function） 與血液白血球數量皆顯著高於非吸菸組，QUICKI（quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index） 與天門冬胺酸轉胺酶 （aspartate aminotransferase, AST） 顯著低於非吸菸運動員。另以簡單線性迴歸與複迴歸探討吸菸量與代謝指標之相關性，無論有無經過性別、飲酒量與年齡的校正，血清胰島素、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β、糖化血色素與白血球數量隨著吸菸量的上升而升高，QUICKI則與吸菸量呈顯著負相關。AST只於校正後與吸菸量呈顯著負相關。此外，HOMA-IR與HOMA-β皆和白血球數目達顯著正相關，QUICKI則呈顯著負相關。本實驗之結論為具有吸菸習慣之運動員具有較低的胰島素敏感度，可能的原因為慢性低度發炎反應的增加而導致胰島素敏感度降。

It has been shown that athletes have higher smoking rate than regular college students. But the association between smoking behavior and insulin sensitivity in college athletes is still unclear. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the smoking behavior on insulin sensitivity in college athletes. Five hundred and fifty two nonsmoking and ninety eight smoking (8.4 ± 0.7 cigarette per day) athletes were recruited for this study. Indices of glucose metabolism (glucose, insulin, HbA1c), inflammation (white blood cells, WBC) and liver function test markers (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) were measured for all subjects under fasting condition. We found that gender-, alcohol consumption- and age-adjusted insulin, HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), HOMA-β (homeostasis model assessment β-cell function) and WBC number were higher in smokers than nonsmokers in ANCOVA. QUICKI (quantitative insulinsensitivity check index) and AST levels were lower in smokers compared to nonsmokers. Simple linear regression and multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine whether the smoking amount was associated with markers in metabolism. We found that smoking amount was positively associated with serum insulin, HOMAIR, HOMA-β, HbA1c and WBC count, and negatively associated with QUICKI before and after adjusting the gender, alcohol consumption and age. Smoking was also negatively related with adjusted AST. However, WBC is positively correlated with HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, and negatively correlated with QUICKI. These findings conclude that athletes with smoking behavior have low insulin sensitivity; the possible reason might be due to the increased chronic low-grade inflammation.