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引文資料
題名:
文化與歷史的透視鏡:中國農村婦女呼新奎的生命史敘說
書刊名:
臺灣人類學刊
作者:
劉斐玟
作者(外文):
Liu, Fei-wen
出版日期:
2012
卷期:
10:2
頁次:
頁139-195
主題關鍵詞:
生命敘說
;
口述史
;
婦女研究
;
中國
;
文化變遷
;
Life narrative
;
Oral history
;
Women
;
China
;
Cultural change
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連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
1
) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(
1
)
排除自我引用:0
共同引用:
10
點閱:68
本文透過湖南省江永縣一個平凡農婦呼新奎的生命史敘說,來鋪陳中國 1949年解放前後,乃至集體時期(人民公社)與二十一世紀的文化變遷,包括裹小腳、童養媳、抽兵、哭嫁等習俗,以及解放後一連串的政治運動。藉此,一則籲請人類學界正視生命史作為資料蒐集工具所蘊藏的理論與方法論意涵;二則反思如何同時援引多重敘說文類,以避免生命史敘說「偏、失、誤、溢」之弊。蓋生命史訪談所標誌的並非僅止於敘說主體的個人生命感知,而是敘說主體、對話對象、研究者、乃至鑲嵌情境,彼此之間的共同織緯與交互論述。本文即以呼新奎為主軸,透過她的敘說以及她與女兒、女婿、老伴之間對話,開展出一個文化歷史場景:這個場景不僅映照出呼新奎的生命經歷,更映照出後輩子孫對「前人歷史」的理解與註解。生命史敘說於是成了歷史與文化的交匯點,從這個交匯點向外輻射,歷史因之脈脈長流,文化也因之賡續薪傳。
以文找文
Using a Chinese peasant woman, Hu Xinkui’s呼新奎 , as a looking lens, this article unfolds the socio-cultural change of rural China in the transitional period from around Liberation in 1949 up to 1978, and even into the twenty-first century, covering a wide range of issues regarding footbinding, child brides, forced conscription, bridal lamentation, communist collectivization, and a series of political movements such as land reform, the Great Leap Forward, the Socialist Education Movement, the Four Clearing-ups Movement, and the Poor and Lower-Middle Peasants Association. Hu Xinkui, born in 1934 in Jiangyong County of Hunan Province in south China, was a child bride who was promoted as a director of Women’s Affairs after Liberation because of her suppressed inferior status. It was also because of the Liberation-implemented new marriage law that laid the foundation for her husband to divorce her in 1959, for the reason of her apparent infertility and lack of romance, as well as her concern for an unmarried brother, which preoccupied her to the detriment of her own marriage. She remarried in 1964 and retired from her active political life after she had children; since then she has committed herself to being an extremely hard-working housewife. With her husband being an active and honest party cadre (including being the deputy to the 9th Party Congress in 1969), she had to find every possible source to maintain the family finance in order to receive a great deal of visiting guests and peasants, at a cost of neglecting the education of her children, two of whom were addicted to gambling. Her life story manifests how an ordinary village woman engaged with local women’s expressive traditions, called 女書 (women’s script) and 女歌 (women’s song), and how her personal life changed along with the transformation of China. Also worth noting, the life history interviews with Xinkui were conducted in the company of her daughter and son-in-law, who have assisted my nüshu research for more than a decade – and they had never learned about Hu Xinkui’s past until then. Their participation throws additional reflective light on Xinkui’s life experiences in China’s changing rural context. With Hu Xinkui’s life history as the axis, this article aims to draw attention to the life narrative approach as a tool for collecting ethnographic data and to bring about a rethinking of its use as a conceptual framework. Recognizing the possible limitations of life narrative in terms of its partiality, lapses, mistakes, and exaggeration, I employ narratives from multiple subjects and diverse resources (e.g., literary composition, local oral traditions, and historical documents) to open up the dialogical horizon of a life narration. I demonstrate that life history as a lived experience and an account of life not only speaks to a person’s lifeworld; it is also an intertextualization of the voices of multiple subject-positions: narrating subject, addressee, researcher, and the embedded context. In the case of Hu Xinkui, her life narration not only encodes her history and historiography, but also manifests how the next generation, especially her daughter, decodes her story and writes it onto their own. Life narrative in this sense is a convergence of history and culture, whereby history continues and culture persists.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
劉斐玟(20030600)。書寫與歌詠的交織:女書、女歌與湖南江永婦女的雙重視維。臺灣人類學刊,1(1),1-49。
延伸查詢
2.
劉斐玟(20050600)。文本與文境的對話:女書三朝書與婦女的情意音聲。臺灣人類學刊,3(1),87-142。
延伸查詢
圖書
1.
Pruitt, Ida(1967)。A Daughter of Han: The Autobiography of a Chinese Working Woman。Stanford, California:Stanford University Press。
2.
游鑑明(2009)。她們的聲音:從近代中國女性的歷史記憶談起。臺北市:五南。
延伸查詢
3.
Ko, Dorothy(2001)。Every Step a Lotus: Shoes for Bound Feet。University of California Press。
4.
Ko, Dorothy(2005)。Cinderella's Sisters: A Revisionist History of Footbinding。University of California Press。
5.
Wasto, L. C.、Waston-Franke, M. B.(1985)。Interpreting Life Histories: An Anthropological Inquiry。New Brunswick, NJ:Rutgers University Press。
6.
Langness, L. L.、Frank, Gelya(1981)。Lives: An Anthropological Approach to Biography。Novato, California:Chandler & Sharp Publishers。
7.
Radin, Paul(1926)。Crashing Thunder: The Autobiography of an American Indian。New York:Appleton。
8.
Shostak, Marjorie(1981)。Nisa: The Life and Words of a ! Kung Woman。Cambridge, Mass.:Harvard University Press。
9.
Visweswaran, Kamala(1997)。Fictions of Feminist Ethnography。Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press。
10.
Clifford, James、Marcus, George E.(1986)。Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography。University of California Press。
11.
Hershatter, Gail(2011)。The Gender of Memory: Rural Women and China's Collective Past。Berkeley, CA:University of California Press。
12.
Crapanzano, Vincent(2004)。Imaginative Horizons: An essay in Literary-Philosophical Anthropology。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。
其他
1.
譚惟一修(1667)。永明縣志。
延伸查詢
2.
周鶴修(1709)。永明縣志。
延伸查詢
3.
王春藻修(1846)。永明縣志。
延伸查詢
4.
萬發兀修(1907)。永明縣志。
延伸查詢
5.
湖南省江永縣志辦公室編(1995)。江永縣志。
延伸查詢
6.
張正平(1969)。哭歌子詞。
延伸查詢
7.
Agar, Michael(1980)。Stories, Background Knowledge and Themes: Problems in the Analysis of Life History Narrative。
8.
Bauman, Richard(2005)。Indirect Indexicality, Identity, Performance: Dialogic Observations。
9.
Blackman, Margaret B.(1991)。The Individual and Beyond: Reflections of the History Process。
10.
Bruner, Edward M.(1984)。Introduction: The Opening Up of Anthropology。
11.
Buechler, Hans C. ; Buechler, Judith-Maria(1981)。Carmen: The Autobiography of a Spanish Woman。
12.
Casey, Edward(1987)。Remembering: A Phenomenological Stud。
13.
Crapanzano, Vincent(1977)。The Life History in Anthropological Field Works。
14.
Crapanzano, Vincent(1984)。Life-Histories。
15.
Crapanzano, Vincent(1996)。Self’’-Centering Narratives. In Natural Histories of Discourse。
16.
Feld, Steven(1990)。Wept Thoughts: The Voicing of Kaluli Memories。
17.
Foucault, Michel(1980)。Power/Knowledge。
18.
Geiger, Susan N(1986)。Women’s Life Histories: Method and Content。
19.
Kluckhohn, Clyde(1945)。The Personal Document in Anthropological Science。
20.
Liu, Fei-wen劉斐(2001)。The Confrontation between Fidelity and Fertility: NUshu。
21.
Liu, Fei-wen劉斐(2004)。Literacy, Gender, and Class: Nushu and Sisterhood Communities in Southern Rural Hunan。
22.
Liu, Fei-wen劉斐玟(2011)。Text, Practice, and Life Narrative: Bridal Lamentation and a Daughter’s Filial Piety in Changing Rural China。
23.
Liu, Fei-wen劉斐玟(2012)。Expressive Depths: Dialogic Performance of Bridal Lamentation in Rural South China。
24.
McLaren, Anne(2008)。Performing Grief: Bridal Laments in Rural China。
25.
Ochs, Elinor ; Capps, Lisa(2001)。Living Narrative: Creating Lives in Everyday Storytelling。
26.
Runyan, William McKinley(1986)。Life Histories in Anthropology: Another View。
27.
Watson, Rubie(199)。Chinese Bridal Laments: The Claims of a Dutiful Daughter。
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