在庚子事變之前，山西境內雖有教案多起，然皆未引發流血慘案， 不料一九○○年庚子拳亂波及山西，竟釀成巨案，教士教民受害 最多，而事後山西省接受的懲罰亦最大，直接影響到近代山西的 發展。山西庚子教案主因在於當時適由毓賢撫晉，他執行慈禧的 亂命，而民間受到壓抑的反敎排外情緒乘勢蓬發，是一種由上而 下導引的敎案。至於慈禧對列國的宣戰，乃因昏庸迷信的保守派 從旁誤導，毓賢即為保守人物，他在山東及山西兩省施政，對庚 子教案起了關鍵性的作用。 因而筆者為文目的在討論他與義和拳亂的關係。以解釋山西何以 竟在一九○○年釀成巨案之主要的來龍去脈。

Although there were numerous riots taking place in Shansi Province before the 1900 Boxer Uprising, none had resulted in any bloodshed incident. Nevertheless, the 1900 Boxer Uprising not only affected Shansi to a great extent but also ended up being a tragic event. The modernization of Shansi had been much hampered in that lots of priests and church members were killed during the event and the province was greatly punished after what had happened. As the provincial governor Yu Hsien was favored by Tzu His (慈禧) follow her orders, the ordinary citizens were thus encouraged and started their “ foreigner-expelling” movements. The “ foreigner-expelling “ emotion, buried years in the minds of the residents, finally exploded and became a large-scale uprising prompted from the high-ranking officials to the ordinary people. The consevatives, having no wits but only superstitions in mind, kept “providing suggestions to Tzu Hsi who eventually made war declaration to countries from the West. As one of the representatives among the conservatives, Yu Hsien’s administration in the provinces of Shan Tung and Shan Hsi no doubt was extremely influential. The purpose of this article therefore is to thoroughly discuss the relationship between Yu Hsien and the Uprising with the hopre of coming up with a deeper understanding as to how such an event was destined to arise.