本研究應用失效模式與效應分析（failure mode and effects analysis, FMEA）的程序來探討塑膠模具在進行測試時，由於模具構造、塑膠材料、以及加工條件等因素（失效模式）而造成成型品的種種不良現象（失效效應）。在進行失效模式與效應分析程序時，本研究將嚴重性、發生率、以及偵測度三個風險因子視為多屬性決策分析之評估屬性，基於資料包絡分析法（data envelopment analysis, DEA）適用於決定多屬性決策分析問題（multiple attributes decision making, MADM）評估屬性權重之特性，在DEA的概念下，建立失效模式風險優先數衡量模式與排序模式，以進行失效模式之風險分級與確認優先改善順序。

This study applies failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) to explore the defects of plastic injection mode from three viewpoints of the mode's structure, plastic materials, and manufacturing conditions. Moreover, in order to improve the effectiveness of plastic injection mode's design and development, the risk priority numbers of the failure modes are measured for classifying their risk layers and rankings. In the procedure of failure mode and effects analysis, the severity, the occurrence, and the detection of each failure mode are viewed as three attributes in multiple attributes decision making analysis (MADM). By applying data envelopment analysis (DEA), the evaluation and the ranking models of risk priority numbers of failure modes are constructed in this study.