本文提出輔導學是現時中國需要發展的專業，而從西方發展的專業輔導方法需要在文化上作出改變，才能為中國人民及中國文化服務。從比較輔導之西方文化根基及中國的文化背景，本文探討個人主義及群體主義之心理啟示，並指出在中國有效的輔導工作需要兼容個人及群體主義價值觀。此外，本文會討論將群體主義融入以個人主義為本的專業輔導的可行方法。

This article argues that counseling is a needed profession in China, and that Western developed professional counseling practices should be culturally transformed to serve Chinese people and the Chinese culture. Through comparing Western cultural roots for counseling with the cultural context of China and reviewing the psychological implications of individualism and collectivism, it is concluded that effective counseling in China needs to accommodate both individualistic and collectivistic values. Possible ways that collectivism can be incorporated into individualism-based professional counseling are also discussed.