臺灣地區華人情緒與相關心理生理資料庫--中文情緒隱喻的刺激常模_

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題名：	臺灣地區華人情緒與相關心理生理資料庫--中文情緒隱喻的刺激常模
書刊名：	中華心理學刊
作者：	陳學志／詹雨臻／馮彥茹
作者(外文)：	Chen, Hsueh-chih／Chan, Yu-chen／Feng, Yen-ju
出版日期：	2013
卷期：	55:4
頁次：	頁525-553
主題關鍵詞：	情緒隱喻資料庫；情緒類別；感覺隱喻；隱喻類型；Corpora of emotion metaphor；Emotion category；Sensation metaphor；Metaphor category
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:2 共同引用:6 點閱:8

情緒隱喻乃指以一個已知的具體對象或客體來描述一個複雜和抽象的情緒。有別於以往情緒研究，採用直接或外顯的刺激，例如：圖片、臉孔、聲音等來引發情緒，情緒隱喻是採用一種間接、內隱的刺激方式來引發情緒。因此，探討情緒隱喻能使我們更加暸解情緒的深度意涵，然而國外及國內對於情緒隱喻的研究並不多見，故本研究針對國人建立一套臺灣地區華人情緒隱喻的標準刺激資料庫及反應常模。本研究採用情緒隱喻作業，由1,128位參與者依據十種情緒類別（正向：快樂、愛、自豪、舒服；中性：平靜、驚訝；負向：悲傷、害怕、生氣、厭惡），進行四種隱喻類型（感覺隱喻、事件隱喻、物件隱喻及人格隱喻）產生反應，並計算各情緒隱喻反應的頻次，而反應頻次愈高的隱喻愈能引發該類型的情緒。以正向之快樂情緒隱喻為例，在快樂感覺隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「香」；在快樂事件隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「旅行」；在快樂物件隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「朋友」；在快樂人格隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「開朗」。除此之外，在負向情緒隱喻中也發現了一些不一樣的結果，以害怕情緒隱喻為例，在害怕感覺情緒隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「黑色」；在害怕事件隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「考試」；在害怕物件情緒隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「鬼」；在害怕人格情緒隱喻當中，反應次數最高者為「膽小」。此外，本研究針對參與者的反應次數及反應類別進行頻次及類別之計算分析各類情緒隱喻之反應的「共通性」與「個別性」，其中以感覺隱喻的共通性最高，而事件隱喻的個別性最高。本研究結果建立了國人對於十種情緒類別及四種隱喻類型之反應常模，藉以建置一套標準化刺激之情緒隱喻資料庫，並作為未來相關情緒研究之用。

以文找文

Emotion metaphor provides us a means of expressing abstract and complicated emotions through reference to objective figures. In contrast to pictures, facial expressions or speech prosodies often used to communicate emotion explicitly, emotion metaphors are less studied, particularly in Taiwan. This study aimed to construct an emotion metaphoric corpus and develop a frequency norm of emotion metaphors used in Taiwan. This research was based on a stratified sample of 1,128 college students in Taiwan. An emotion metaphor task was used to collect participants' responses that involved metaphors. The task divided emotion metaphors into four types (sensation metaphors, event metaphors, object metaphors and personality metaphors). Within each type, participants were asked to generate various kinds of metaphoric responses according to ten emotional categories with different valences (positive: happiness, love, pride, comfort; neutral: calm, surprise; negative: sadness, fear, anger, disgust). Participants' responses were recorded, and both commonality and idiosyncrasy were calculated for the different types of metaphoric stimuli (sensation, event, object, personality). A qualitative analysis of the resulting data revealed that participants gave various metaphoric responses to different kinds of emotion in different types of metaphor. For example, for sensation metaphors for happiness, the prime response was incense; for event metaphors for happiness, the prime response was having a journey; for object metaphors for happiness, the prime response was friend; and for the personality metaphor for happiness, the highest response was open-mindedness. Interestingly, participants generated quite distinct responses in the negative metaphor set. For instance, for the sensation metaphor for fear, the prime response was "black" (color); for the event metaphor for fear, the prime response was exam; for the object metaphor for fear, the prime response was ghost; and for the personality metaphor for fear, the prime response was timidity. Additionally, commonality and idiosyncrasy were also compared across the four categories of metaphoric stimuli. In sum, this study established a norm of Taiwanese metaphoric responses, which can be employed for further research on emotions.

以文找文

期刊論文
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6.	Grandjean, D.、Sander, D.、Scherer, K. R.(2008)。Conscious emotional experience emerges as a function of multilevel, appraisal-driven response synchronization。Consciousness and Cognition，17(2)，484-495。
7.	James, W.(1884)。What is an emotion?。Mind，9(34)，188-205。
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9.	黃宇霞、羅躍嘉(2004)。國際情緒圖片系統在中國的試用研究。中國心理衛生雜誌，18(9)，631-634。延伸查詢
10.	Noulhiane, M.、Mella, N.、Samson, S.、Ragot, R.、Pouthas, V.(2007)。How emotional auditory stimuli modulate time perception。Emotion，7(4)，697-704。
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14.	陳恆安(2007)。科學中的隱喻。科學發展，420，86-88。延伸查詢
15.	劉美珠(19980400)。身體像是--從身體的隱喻（Body Metaphors）看動作教育。大專體育，36，119-125。延伸查詢
16.	Bechara, A.(2004)。The role of emotion in the decision-making: Evidence from neurological patients with orbitofrontal damage。Brain and Cognition，55，30-40。
17.	Camac, M. K.、Glucksberg, S.(1984)。Metaphors do not use associations between concepts, they are used to create them。Journal of Psycholinguistic Research，13，443-455。
18.	Clark, H. H.、Lucy, P.(1975)。Understanding what is meant from what is said: A study in conversationally conveyed requests。Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior，14，56-72。
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25.	Patthey-Chavez, G.、Clare, L.(1996)。Task, talk and text: The influence of instructional conversation on traditional bilingual writers。Written Communication，13，515-563。
26.	Ortony, A.、Schallert, D. L.、Reynolds, R. E.、Antos, S. J.(1978)。Interpreting metaphors and idioms: Some effects of context on comprehension。Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior，17，465-477。
27.	Marrero, M. Z.、Golden, C. J.、Espe-Pfeifer, P.(2002)。Bilingualism, brain injury, and recovery: Implications for understanding the bilingual and for therapy。Clinical Psychology Review，22，465-480。
28.	梁育綺、謝淑蘭、翁嘉英、孫蒨如(20131200)。臺灣地區華人情緒與相關心理生理資料庫--標準化華語版情緒電影短片材料庫與主觀評量常模。中華心理學刊，55(4)，601-621。延伸查詢
29.	Gross, James J.(1998)。The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review。Review of General Psychology，2(3)，271-299。
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學位論文
1.	楊晨輝(2001)。隱喻之哲學內涵(碩士論文)。國立中正大學。延伸查詢
2.	林君昱(1999)。情緒雙極性的檢驗(碩士論文)。輔仁大學。延伸查詢
3.	張碧珍(2009)。中文情緒性隱喻之判斷與運用(碩士論文)。國立嘉義大學。延伸查詢

圖書
1.	Kövecses, Z.(1990)。Emotion concepts。New York：Springer。
2.	Thayer, Robert E.(1989)。The Biopsychology of Mood and Arousal。Oxford University Press。
3.	Lakoff, George、Turner, Mark(1989)。More Than Cool Reason: A Field Guide to Poetic Metaphor。Chicago, Illinois：University of Chicago Press。
4.	Halliday, M. A. K.(1985)。An Introduction to Functional Grammar。Edward Arnold。
5.	Kövecses, Zoltán(2005)。Metaphor in culture: Universality and variation。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
6.	鄧育仁(1996)。思考手冊。台北：毛毛蟲兒童哲學基金會。延伸查詢
7.	Fox, E.(2008)。Emotion science: Cognitive and neuroscientific approaches to understanding human emotions: An integration of cognitive and neuroscientific approaches。Palgrave Macmillan。
8.	Stefanowitsch, A.、Gries, S. T.(2006)。Corpus-based approaches to metaphor and metonymy。Berlin：Walter de Gruyter。
9.	Kövecses, Zoltán(2000)。Metaphor and emotion: Language, culture, and body in human feeling。Cambridge University Press。
10.	Lakoff, George(1987)。Women, fire, and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind。Chicago, IL：Chicago University Press。
11.	Freedman, J.、Combs, G.(1996)。Narrative therapy: The social construction of preferred realities。New York：W. W. Norton & Co.。
12.	Johnson, Mark(1987)。The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination, and Reason。University of Chicago Press。
13.	Lakoff, George、Johnson, Mark(1980)。Metaphors We Live by。University of Chicago Press。
14.	Osgood, Charles Egerton、Suci, George John、Tannenbaum, Percy H.(1957)。The Measurement of Meaning。Urbana, IL：University of Illinois Press。

圖書論文
1.	Ekman, Paul(1999)。Emotional and conversational nonverbal signals。Gesture, Speech, and Sign。New York：London：Oxford University Press。
2.	Bradley, M. M.、Lang, P. J.(2007)。Emotion and motivation。Handbook of psychophysiology。New York：Cambridge University Press。
3.	Beeman, M.(1998)。Coarse semantic coding and discourse comprehension。Right hemisphere language comprehension: Perspectives from cognitive neuroscience。Mahwah, NJ：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。
4.	Searle, J.(1979)。Metaphor。Metaphor and thought。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
5.	Moser, K. S.(2004)。The role of metaphors in acquiring and transmitting knowledge。European perspectives on learning at work: The acquisition of work process knowledge。Luxembourg：CEDEFOP。
6.	Miller, G. A.(1979)。Images and models, smiles and metaphors。Metaphor and thought。Cambridge：Cambridge University Press。
7.	Lazarus, R.(1994)。Universal antecedents of the emotion。The nature of emotion。New York：Oxford University Press。
8.	Grice, Herbert Paul(1975)。Logic and conversation。Syntax and Semantics, Volume 3: Speech Acts。Academic Press。

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