本文以2003年到2013年的中國上市建築業和台灣上市營建業公司為樣本，研究公司治理與資本結構的關係，資本結構以槓桿比率作為因變數，公司治理的獨立變量則為董事會規模、公司規模、CEO雙元性、股權集中度及董事會會議次數及董監事持股比例等六項作為衡量標準。實證研究以敘述分析、Pearson相關分析表及複迴歸分析做為研究方法。研究結果顯示，台灣的上市營建業的董事會規模、公司規模、董事會會議次數及董監事持股比例與資本結構正相關，台灣的上市營建業的CEO雙元性及股權集中度與資本結構負相關，而中國上市建築業的所有變數與資本結構不顯著，此研究結果發現台灣上市營建業的公司治理與資本結構間的關係與文獻研究結果較一致。

This paper investigated the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure about construction industry which is publicly traded in China and in Taiwan during the period from 2003 to 2013. The leverage represented the capital structure as the dependent variable. Board size, size of the firm, CEO/Chair duality, ownership concentration, the number of board meeting and shareholding of directors represented as corporate governance as the independent variables. Empirical research covered descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that leverage has positive effect on board size, size of firm, the number of board meeting and shareholding of directors, while it has negative effect on CEO/Chair duality and ownership concentration in Taiwan. The results showed that the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure in Taiwan re consistent with the previous literature, while corporate governance and capital structure are different in China.