本研究由臺灣的國、高中體育課本中篩選出列入2020年東京奧運比賽項目的8項球類運動之重要用語，並討論這些球類運動用語的中日對照情形。結果得知日文球類運動用語中含大量直接譯自英語的外來語，棒球／壘球用語含較多日中同形同義漢字詞；中文中「～球」的表現對應日語翻譯未必譯作「～ボール」；找出許多「詞形一樣，但出現在不同的運動項目中表現不同含義的」的同形異項詞。本研究結果能視使用者需求提供球類運動中日雙語的對應，如為主修體育的學生提供貼近其專業的中日語學習資源，亦可讓喜愛體育的中日語話者藉不同的語言獲取彼此的體育資訊。

This study discusses the Chinese and Japanese vocabularies of eight different ball sports which are included in 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. The words were picked up from textbooks of physical education of junior and senior high schools in Taiwan. The results reveal that there are plenty of loan words from English in Japanese ball sport words, while Chinese and Japanese vocabularies of baseball and softball share more identical Chinese words compared to other ball sports. The word ＂ball＂ is not translated in Chinese to Japanese translation; besides, there are polysemous words in Japanese vocabulary. The study provides a translation of Chinese and Japanese ball sport vocabularies for physical education majors, and it also provides information for Chineses and Japaneses who are interested in sports in different cultures.