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題名:K'ung-tzu and Shih-ching
書刊名:臺南師院學報
作者:蘇簫化
出版日期:1992
卷期:25
頁次:頁219-256
主題關鍵詞:孔子詩經
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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     (一)至聖先師孔子,被公認為詩經之編成者,雖關乎此議論頗多,但仍 應以「論語」之「樂正」為準。以樂合詩,見諸「詩經」,觀之以興觀群怨之詩 教,則305篇中,70/160國風,37/74小雅,可稱怨詩,而孔子未刪,足以推論, 孔子以樂合詩,目的在於「風」的「當下」達成。 (二)「論語」:「唯女子與小人為難養也。」乃一代聖哲之名言,郤非至理,為女 性主義者詬病。然觀諸「詩經」,約72篇關於女性,其中除12篇為譴責婦女,或 對女性名譽不利以外,其他60篇,或作者為女性自身,或男作者歌詠女性。以孔 子為編成者,存容大量歌詠女性作品於「詩經」,足證孔子是賢淑婦女之讚揚者, 除了對少數歷史記載之婦女有所微詞,孔子對普遍婦女並無歧見。
     Confucius, the greatest sage-philosopher in China, is generally assumed the compiler of Shih-ching 詩經, The Book of Odes. Though this has been disputed by Confucian scholars of different branches, yet viewing from Confucius' statement in The Analects 論語, "It was only after my return from Wei to Lu that music was revised, Court Pieces and Ancestral Recitations being at last properly discriminated," we come to the assumption that the compilation was done by him with his consideration of the musical decisiveness. That is, in Shin- ching, he rendered conformable the musical to the poetic. Yet inview of the functions of haing 興, kuan 觀, chUn 群yilan 怨, amongthe 305 poems, 70/160 of kuo-feng 國風, and 37/74 of hsiao-ya 小雅,are poems of ytlan, complaints, we then come to the conclusion thatConfucius, as he did not cross them off the Book, meant to achievethe immediate function of feng, satire. Confucius once said: "Women and people of low birth are veryhard to deal with." The sage's famous, negative comment on womenhas been widely assumed as a severe bias against them. Yet the 72poems about women in Shin-ching show an evidence contrary to thestatement. Among them, 12 poems are pieces condemning the womenof notoriety noted in Chinese history, the remaining 60 poems, arepieces written by both the poetesses and the poets that sang of theprecious virtues of women. This fact obviously manifests thatConfucius is himself the admirer, or at least sympathizer of thevirtuous women. The four norms set up are used to decipher the 72heroines' personalities. They may reveal Confucius' fair, impartialattitude toward women of virtue, while the condemned ones arewomen that influenced the history negatively, being deficient ofthese virtues.
圖書
1.人民文學出版社(1959)。詩經研究論文集。北京:人民文學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.糜文開(1964)。詩經欣賞與研究。臺北:三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
3.Karlgren, Bernhard(1974)。The Book of Odes。Stockholm:Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities。  new window
4.謝无量(1923)。詩經研究。上海:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
5.孫作雲(1979)。詩經與周代社會研究。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
6.張允中(1971)。白話註解詩經。台北:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
7.蔣善國(1933)。三百篇演論。上海:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
8.熊公哲(1981)。詩經論文集。台北:黎明文化事業公司。  延伸查詢new window
9.人民文學出版社(1986)。詩經鑒賞集。Peking:人民文學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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