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題名:
The Impact of Inter-industry Wage Differential on Strike Activities in OECD Countries
書刊名:
東吳政治學報
作者:
黃長玲
出版日期:
1994
卷期:
3
頁次:
頁315-336
主題關鍵詞:
工業化國家
;
薪資差距
;
罷工
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(
1
) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:0
共同引用:0
點閱:31
關於組合主義在總體經濟政策上的影響,自七○年代中期以來,成為許多學者關心的焦點。過去的實證研究,一再顯示因為工會中央化的關係,組合主義國家的罷工率較非組合主義的國家低,薪資結構也比較平等。因為工會中央化的程度和罷工率及它和薪資差異的程度都是負相關,所以這些研究暗示了在罷工率和薪資差異之間,也這存在著一種正相關的關係。在這篇論文中,我們嘗試將薪資差異視為工會中央化對罷工造成影響中介變數。也就是說,工會中央化對罷工率和薪資差異的影響並不是個自獨立的。如果薪資差異和罷工率之間的因果關係可以由實證資料來證實,那麼它在理論上的意涵是像工會中央化這樣的制度也許是可以被其他的制度設計所取代。因此,對近年來北歐國家中央工會逐漸瓦解現象來說,正黨和工會幹部也這應該考慮其他的政策,而不是將焦點放在繼續維持工會的中央化。 以瑞典中央產業公會(Swedish Employer’s Confederation)和美國勞工局(U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)的薪資資料為基礎,在實證的統計分析後,這篇報告發現,在跨國的經驗中,薪資差異和罷工之間並不存在因果關係。而就個別國家而言,統計的結果沒有一致性。最令人驚訝的結果是在中央工會的國家,諸如北歐各國,產業間薪資差距的大小對罷工率的高底並無任何顯著的影響。這樣的結果所顯示的可能是就低罷工率和較為平等的薪資結構而言,工會中央化仍然是一個不可或缺的制度。目前北歐組合主義國家中央工會的瓦解,將使得這些國家在未來面臨一個比過去不穩定的生產秩序和一個比過去不平等的薪資結構。
以文找文
Suggested by the previous empirical studies on corporatism, the degree of inter-industry wage differential and the level of strike activity, both negatively related to union centralization, should have a positive relation between them. Proposed in this article is that if wage differential can be viewed and introduced as the intervening variable between union centralization and strike rates, then union centralizations an institutional arrangement might be replaceable for producing a stable industrial other and an egalitarian wage structure. Thus, facing the current decentralization trend in some corporatist countries, unionists and socialist parties should probably consider other policy designs instead of concentrating their efforts on keeping the unions centralized. Using wage data from Swedish Employer’s Confederation and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the statistical results of this research find that cross-sectionally the causal relation between wage differential and strike rates does not exist. And time-series results in respective countries are not consistent either. The most surprising time-series result is that this relation cannot be found in countries that have a centralized union. These results indicate that union centralization after all might be indispensable, and the current decentralization trend swill lead corporatist countries to experience in the future a less stable industrial order and less egalitarian wage structure.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Batstone, Eric(1985)。International Variations in Strike Activity。European Sociological Review,1(1),46-64。
2.
Blinder, Alan S.(1988)。The Challenge of High Unemployment。American Economic Review,78,1-15。
3.
Calmfors, Lars、Driffill, John(1988)。Bargaining Structure, Corporatism and Macroeconomic Perforinance。Economic Policy,3,13-61。
4.
Cameron, David R.(1978)。The Expansion of the Public Economy: A Comparative Analysis。American Political Science Review,72,1243-1261。
5.
Carruth, Alan A.(1981)。The Determination of Union and non-Union Wage Rates。European Economic Review,16,285-302。
6.
Crouch, Collin(1980)。Varieties of Trade Union Weakness。West European Politics,3(1),87-106。
7.
Hedstrom, Peter、Swedberg, Richard(1985)。The Power of Working Class Organizations and the Inter-Industrial Wage Structure。International Journal of Comparative Sociology,26,90-99。
8.
Heady, Bruce W.(1970)。Trade Unions and National Wages Policies。Journal of Politics,32,407-439。
9.
Freeman, Richard B.(1980)。Unionism and the Dispersion of Wages。Industrial and Labor Relations Review,134(1),3-23。
10.
Freeman, Richard B.(1988)。Labor Market Institutions and Economic Performance。Economic Policy,3,64-80。
11.
Hibbs, Douglas A. JR.(1976)。Industrial Conflict in Advanced Industrial Societies。American Political Science Review,70,1033-1058。
12.
Hibbs, Douglas A. Jr.(1978)。On the Political Economy of Long-Run Trends in Strike Activity。British Journal of Political Science,8,153-175。
13.
Hibbs, Douglas A. JR.(1991)。Trade Union Ideology and Trends in Swedish Wage Dispersion。Acta-Sociologica,34(2),89-102。
14.
Hicks, Alexander、Swank, Duane(1984)。On the Political Economy of Welfare Expansion: A Comparative Analysis of 18 Advanced Capitalist Democracies, 1960-1971。Comparative Political Studies,17,81-119。
15.
Korpi, Walter、Shalev, Michael(1979)。Strikes, Industrial Relations and Class conflict in Capitalist Societies。British Journal of Sociology,30,164-187。
16.
Lange, Peter、Garrett, Geoffrey(1985)。The Politics of Growth。Journal of Politics,47,792-827。
17.
Lehmbruch, Gerhard(1977)。Liberal "Corporatism and Party Government"。Comparative Political Studies,10,91-126。
18.
Oswald, Andrew J.(1981)。Threat and Morale Effect in the Theory of Wages。European Economic Review,16,269-283。
19.
Panitch, Leo(1980)。Recent Theorizations of Corporatism: Reflections of a Growth Industry。British Journal of Sociology,31,159-187。
20.
Panitch, Leo(1977)。The Development of Corporatism in Liberal Democracies。Comparative Political Studies,10,61-90。
21.
Thaler, Richard H.(1989)。Anomalies: Interindustry Wage Differentials。Journal of Economic Perspectives,3(2),181-193。
22.
Wallerstein, Michael(1990)。Centralized Bargaining and Wage Restraint。American Journal of Political Science,34(4),982-1004。
圖書
1.
Korpi, Walter(1983)。The Democratic Class Struggle。Routledge & Kegan Paul。
2.
Bruno, Michael、Sachs, Jeffrey(1985)。The Economics of Worldwide Stagflation。Cambridge, Massachusetts:Harvard University Press。
3.
Ingham, Geoffrey K.(1974)。Strikes and Industrial Conflict。London:Macmillan。
4.
Lange, Peter(1984)。Union Democracy and Liberal Corporatism。Ithaca:Cornell University, Center for International Studies。
5.
Ross, A. M.、Hartman, P. T.(1960)。Changing Patterns of Industrial Conflict。New York:John Wiley。
6.
Wilensky, Harold L.(1976)。The 'New Corporatism', Centralization and the Welfare State。London:Sage publications。
圖書論文
1.
van Arnhem, J. C. M.、Schotsman, G. J.(1982)。Do Parties Affect the Distribution of Incomes? The Case of Advanced Capitalist Democracies。The Impact of Parties。London:Sage Publications。
2.
Cameron, David R.(1984)。Social Democracy, Corporatism and Labor Quiescence: The Representation of Economic Interest in Advanced Capitalist Society。Order and Conflict in Contemporary Capitalism。Oxford:Oxford University Press。
3.
Crouch, Collin(1985)。The Conditions for Trade-Union Wage Restraint。The Politics of Inflation and Economic Stagnation。Washington DC:Brookings。
4.
Dickens, William T.、Katz, Lawrence F.(1987)。Inter-Industry Wage Differences and Industry Characteristics。Unemployment and the Structure of Labor Markets。Oxford:Basil Blackwell Publisher。
5.
Korpi, Walter、Shalev, Michael(1980)。Strikes, Power and Politics in the Western Nations, 1900-1976。Political Power and Social Theory。
6.
Krueger, Alan B.、Summers, Lawrence H.(1987)。Reflections on the Inter-Industry Wage Structure。Unemployment and the Structure of Labor Markets。Oxford:Basil Blackwell Publisher。
7.
Lehmbruch, Gerhard(1982)。Intorduction: Neo-Corporatism in Comparative Perspective。Patterns of Corporatism Policy-Making。London:Sage Publications。
8.
Schmidt, Manfred G.(1982)。The Role of Parties in Shaping Macroeconomic Policy。The Impact of Parties。London:Sage Publications。
9.
Schmidt, Manfred G.(1982)。Does Corporatism Matter? Economic Crisis, Politics and Rates of Unemployment in Capitalist Democracies in the 1970s。Patterns of Corporatist Policy-Making。London:Sage Publications。
10.
Lehmbruch, Gerhard(1979)。Concluding Remarks: Problems for Future Research on Corporatist Intermediation and Policy-Making。Corporatist Intermediation。Beverly Hills, California:Sage Publications。
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