主張資源保育、環境保護的人士常基於世代正義的觀點反對大於零的社會折現率。本文的目的就在將這些從世代間正義觀點來討論社會折現率的文獻作一整理，分析其主要的論點及主張。綜合言之，反對者基於每個世代的人都應有相同的立足點的道德信念，反對消費的時間偏好率做跨越代間的應用。然而，對於使用社會折現率的另兩個重要因素，資金的機會成本，未來的不確定性等效率面的考量，關心世代正義者也同意應予重視，只是主張用另一個名詞，以避免同一個名詞有太多混淆不清的意涵。要進一步化解時間偏好率的爭議，本文建議應釐清時間偏好與儲蓄之間的關連性。

　　　　　From the standpoint of intergenerational justice, scholars outside the economics field are often against the application of any positive social discount rate for project evaluation. This article surveyed the major pro and con arguments. It found the major disagreement comes from the notion of time preference rate. Those who are against the social discount rate believe every generation should have equal standing, and time preference implies that the current generation gets more weight on resource allocation. Nevertheless, they agree that the opportunity cost of capital and the uncertainty, another two elements in the social discount rate, need to be considered, but suggest using a different term to avoid confusion. To further settle the disagreement on the social discount rate, this article suggested carefully reexamining to what extent the time preference rate affects savings behavior.