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題名:兩種政治教育:「異中求同」或「同中求異」
書刊名:東吳政治學報
作者:陳瑞崇
作者(外文):Chen, jui-chung
出版日期:1997
卷期:7
頁次:頁133-168
主題關鍵詞:政治教育盧梭Political educationRousseau
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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     當「歧異」日趨多元化,除了政治黨派和信仰之外,性別、性傾向、階級、世代 、族群、文化等皆構成社會歧異的根源與對象時,選擇走向自由民主政體的人們,如果追求 的是在概念與實踐層面上,預設受教者、教育內容及教育效果的同一性與同時性的靜態政治 教育,那麼這將是忽略和打壓歧異的強而有力的制度性力量,當然不利於培養出具備承認歧 異的政治態度。「承認」與「容忍」不同,後者是為吸納異類為同類的態度,前者則是平等 地尊重歧異及其無可化解的事實。 本文將嘗試提出另一種旨在「求異」的政治教育,政治教育將作為任何社會群體用以擬鑄群 體歷史和行動策略的代名詞,國家不再是進行政治教育的唯一團體,社會團體成為與國家進 行政治教育的競爭者;無論是在法律層面或日常生活的交往上,承認歧異不再只是針對黨派 或政治信仰的歧異,而必須包括對性別、階級、世代、族群和文化等社會歧異的承認與平等 對待。唯有這樣的修改才能寄望政治教育的產出有利於承認歧異態度的成熟與最大化,無論 是團體內部或團體之間。因此,「求異」的政治教育必須成為正當安排的一部份。 即使很難期望這兩種的政治教育-「求異」和「求同」可能並存於學校,共同構成學校中的 政治教育,其他的社會機構與學校會產生對抗、競爭或有時結盟的關係,但是這兩種政治教 育的並存至少提供了一項可能性-不因無知或無視或不當的承認歧異而受到公開的或制度性 的歧視或以同等的方式歧視他人,即使歧視很難自人群中完全消失。
     This essay intends to argue that there is another idea of political education needed to be contemplated—political education toward ‘difference.’ The ordinary idea of political education is set to produce and defend the ‘common’ or the greatest divisor from many ‘differences’ in a country. However, the overemphasis of the common will easily not only ignore or indifferent to but also disdain the ‘difference.’ A liberal democratic country needs a different idea of political education to defend varieties of difference in a country without consideration of their contributions on cultural, political, or economic matters. We must not only respect but also learn to recognize and struggle for any difference orally and actively in our daily life. For example, it is absurd to require every writer of Chinese academic journals to write an English abstract to satisfy the convenience of the readers who can not read Chinese. Why an English abstract is an indispensable component of academic format? Why do we not require writers to write a Japanese, Germany or French abstract in Chinese academic journals? Do we have the courage and self-respect to ask American Political Science Review have a Chinese abstract in every article? It is the time to recognize the superficial colonial character of our academic format and to develop the unique topics and strategies for Taiwanese political science discourse.
期刊論文
1.Honneth, A.(1992)。Integrity and Disrespect: Principles of a Conception of Morality Based on the Theory of Recognition。Political Theory,20(2),187-201。  new window
2.Kymlicka, Will(1992)。The Rights of Minority Cultures: Reply to Kukathas。Political Theory,20,140-146。  new window
3.Bohman, James(1995)。Public Reason and Cultural Pluralism: Political Liberalism and the Problem of Moral Conflict。Political Theory,23(2),253-279。  new window
4.Galeotti, Anna Elisabetta(1993)。Citizenship and Equality: The Place for Toleration。Political Theory,21(4),585-605。  new window
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6.Rorty, Amelie Okesenberg(1994)。The Hidden Politics of Cultural Identification。Political Theory,22(1),152-166。  new window
7.Brown, Wendy(1993)。Wounded Attachments。Political Theory,21(3),390-310。  new window
8.Coombe, Rosemary J.(1993)。Tactics of Appropriation and the Politics of Recognition in Late Modern Democracies。Political Theory,21(3),411-433。  new window
9.Dumm, Thomas L.(1994)。Strangers and Liberals。Political Theory,22(1),167-175。  new window
10.Esquith, Stephen L.(1992)。Political Theory and Political Education。Political Theory,20(2),247-273。  new window
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12.Thomas, Laurence(1996)。Becoming an Evil Society: The Self and Strangers。Political Theory,24(2),271-294。  new window
13.Wolin, Sheldon S.(1993)。Democracy, Difference, and Re-Cognition。Political Theory,21(3),464-483。  new window
圖書
1.Gadamer, Hans-Georg、洪漢鼎(1993)。真理與方法:哲學詮釋學的基本特徵。時報文化出版企業股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
2.Althusser, Louis、杜章智(1990)。列寧和哲學。台北:遠流。  延伸查詢new window
3.Aristotle(1992)。大倫理學。  延伸查詢new window
4.Aristotle(1992)。尼各馬科倫理學。  延伸查詢new window
5.Aristotle(1994)。政治學。  延伸查詢new window
6.Aristotle、吳壽彭(1995)。政治學Politics。北京:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
7.Kymlicka, Will(1995)。Multicultural Citizenship。Clarendon Paperbacks。  new window
8.Locke, John、傅任敢(1990)。Some Thoughts Concerning Education。台北:五南。  延伸查詢new window
9.Lyotard, Jean-Francois(1991)。The Postmodern Condition; A Report on Knowledge。Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press。  new window
10.Marx, Karl、Engels, Friedrich、馬克思恩格斯列寧斯大林著作編譯局(1965)。德意志意識型態。北京:人民出版社。  延伸查詢new window
11.Moon, J. Donald(1993)。Constructing Community。Princeton University Press。  new window
12.Rousseau, Jean Jacques、Cole, G. D. H.(1981)。The Social Contract and Discourses。Taipei:Yeh-Yeh。  new window
13.Rousseau, Jean-Jacques、李平區(1991)。愛彌兒。北京:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
14.Wood, Denis、王志弘(1996)。地圖權力學。台北:時報。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Goldberg, D. T.(1994)。Introduction: Multicultural Conditions。Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader。Cambridge, Mass:Basil:Blackwell。  new window
2.Berlant, Lauren、Warner, Michael(1994)。Introduction to 'Critical Multiculturalism'。Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader。Basil:Blackwell。  new window
3.Caws, Peter(1994)。Identity: Cultural, Transcultural, and Multiculturall。Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader。Basil:Blackwell。  new window
4.Chicago Cultural Studies Group(1994)。Critical Multiculturalism。Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader。Blackwell。  new window
5.Gutmann, Amy(1992)。[Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition] Introduction。Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition。Princeton University Press。  new window
6.McLaren, Peter(1994)。White Terror and Oppositional Agency: Towards a Critical Multiculturalism。Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader。Blackwell。  new window
7.Oakeshott, Michael(1991)。Rationalism in Politics and Other Essays。New and extended edition。Indianapolis:Liberty Press。  new window
8.Rockefeller, Steven C.(1992)。Comment。Multiculturalism and "the Politics of Recognition"。Princeton University Press。  new window
9.Walzer, Michael(1992)。Comment。Multiculturalism and "the Politics of Recognition"。Princeton University Press。  new window
10.Wolf, Susan(1992)。Comment。Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition。Princeton University Press。  new window
11.Taylor, Charles(1992)。The Politics of Recognition。Multiculturalism and The Politics of Recognition。Princeton:Princeton University Press。  new window
12.Stam, R.、Shohat, E.(1994)。Contested Histories: Eurocentrism, Multiculturalism and the Media。Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader。Oxford:Basil:Blackwell。  new window
 
 
 
 
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