不同用水和部門間增加競用有限的供水，以及新水源開發成本的快速上升，促使 我們警覺到臺灣地區水資源稀少，而且必須更有效率使用的事實。一般認為，自願移轉用水 的分派方式，比採用節水措施和提高水價二種策略，更有潛力增加用水效率。本文的主要目 的，係在建立分析架構以評估由水權過渡到水市場的可行性，同時略論現有水資源政策和法 規中的水權應如何修訂才有助於水的轉移等依據所設定的基本模型，我們可以區分等候式和 市場式配水的主要差異。分析結果顯示，低的處理成本、可採用有效的省水技術、以及對產 品的需求具有彈性等，都有助於轉向水市場。值的注意的是，居於水具有回流性質的理由， 政府必須管理水的移轉和水權的取得。

　　　　　Different Water uses and sectors in creasingly compete for limited water supplies and the rapidly rising cost of new supplies development have caused us to become aware of the fact that water is scarce in Taiwan and must be used more efficiently. It is believed that voluntary water transfers can offer a better potential for increasing the efficiency of water use than water conservation measures and raising prices of water. The purposes of this paper are to constructs a framework to evaluate the feasibility of making the transition from water rights to water markets, and to make some recommendations for how existing water polices and laws could be modified to better define such rights in order to facilitate water transfers. Based upon a presumed model we characterized some of the major differences between queuing and market allocations water. The analytical results shown that the transition to water markets can be facilitated by low transactions costs, by the availability of effective water saving technologies, and by elastic demand for products. It should be noted taht government has a role in administering water transfers and water rights due to the return-flow aspects of the water.