This article will be presented in three parts. The first part would like to examine the use of Anarchy as a trend and a way of thought during the “May Fourth Movement” in China, also examining the influence and position of the theory of the "New Culture" in the is movement. It would also like to emphasize the prevailing notion of the past that the “May Fourth Movement” was a s-ort of “Enlightenment” and take a look at notions of the “New Culture” such as; “Freedom”, “Personal Liberation”, “Social Revolution”. When placed in an historical, intellectual context, anarchy constitutes an important factor in this background. The second part would like to discuss the Social Utopianism of Chinese Anarchy, specifically their notion of monism. In this discussion, I would like to empha size the possible intellectual tendency that was latent in Social Utopianism. The third part would like to examine the use of Anarchy in the spread and acceptance of Marxism in China. I would like to especially analyze the turning point Where many young intellectuals turned from Anarchy to Marxism. The whole of the article would like to emphasize the importance of Utopianism in this historical context.