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題名：高一學生遺傳學解題表現與解題策略之研究
書刊名：科學教育學刊
作者：楊坤原 引用關係／鄭湧涇
作者(外文)：Yang, Kun-yuan／Cheng, Yeong-jing
出版日期：1997
卷期：5:4
頁次：頁529-555
主題關鍵詞：高級中學；遺傳學知識；遺傳學解題表現；遺傳學解題策略；Senior high students；Knowledge of genetics；Genetics problem solving performance；Genetics problem solving strategies
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(6) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:4
  • 共同引用共同引用:3
  • 點閱點閱:26
　　　　　摘要：本研究依臺北地區395名高一學生在「遺傳學學習成就測驗」的評測結果，從中選出10位具不同遺傳學學習成就的學生，以放聲思考的方式進行「遺傳學解題測驗」。經原案分析後，探討其遺傳學解題表現、解題策略及其在解題過程所出現之遺傳學迷思概念。 研究結果顯示，遺傳學學習成就較好的學生其遺傳學解題表現與解題策略均較學習成就較差者為優。解題表現較好的學生所使用的解題策略屬推理取向，其領域一般性解題策略包括：「轉移」、「驗證假說」、「先考慮最簡單的情形」與「回溯檢查」等項，而領域專門性解題策略則有:「能辨識遺傳學上的比例關係」、「正確設計基因型」等項。解題表現較差者傾向於使用目標導向的解題策略，未能使用如解題表現較好者之領域一般性解題策略。其領域專門性解題策略包括:「使用不同符號代表同一基因型」、「符號的意義產生混淆」與「使用錯誤的遺傳學詞彙」等項；其所出現的迷思概念主要在「機率在遺傳學上的應用」、「性聯遺傳」與「基因型設計」等方面。高一學生的遺傳學解題模式與教科書中所介紹的內容，大致相似。
　　　　　Based upon the results of the Test of Learning Achievement of Genetics, ten students with different achievement were selected from 395 tenth graders in the Taipei area. All the students took the Problem Solving Test of Genetics using a think-aloud method. An analysis of the interview protocols for the ten students revealed their performance and strategies of problem solving in genetics relationship between the knowledge of genetics and problem solving in genetics, and the genetics misconceptions. The domain-general problem-solving strategies utilized by the better problem-solvers included shifting, justifying hypotheses, considering simplest condition first, and checking results. The domain-specific strategies utilized in solving problems included designing genotype symbols correctly and recognizing the proportional relation commonly used in genetics. Contrasted with the reasoning strategies of better problem-solvers, the poor problem-solvers tended to use goal-oriented strategies as the better problem-solvers did. They domain- specific problem-solving strategies utilized by the less able problem solver were using different genotype symbols to represent same traits, confusing the meaning of genotype symbols, using incorrect terms. The misconceptions possessed by them were in the areas of the application of probability in genetics, sexlinkage, and designing genotype. The problem-solving model that the ten students revealed in this study was consistent with what had been proposed in the textbook.
期刊論文
1.Finley, F. N.、Stewart, J. H.、Yarroch, W. L.(1982)。Teachers' Perceptions of Important and Difficult Science Content。Science Education，66(4)，531-538。  new window
2.楊坤原、陳進利(19900900)。中學生認知能力與遺傳學概念學習之相關研究。科學教育，1，61-75。  延伸查詢new window
3.Alexander, P. A.、Judy, J. E.(1991)。The interaction of domain-specific and strategic knowledge in academic performance。Review of Educational Research，58(4)，375-404。  new window
4.Chi, M. T. H.、Ceci, S. J.(1987)。Content knowledge: Its role, representation, and restructing in memory development。Advances in Child Development and Behavior，20，91-141。  new window
5.Chi, M. T. H.、Feltovich, P. L.、Glaser, R.(1981)。Categorization and representation of physics problems by expert and novices。Cognitive Science，5，121-152。  new window
6.Collins, A.、Stewart, J. H.(1989)。The knowledge structure of Mendelian genetics。The American Biology Teacher，51(3)，143-149。  new window
7.Driver, R.、Bell, B.(1986)。Students, thinking and the learning of science: A constructivist view。School Science and Mathematics，86(3)，443-456。  new window
8.Garrett, R. M.(1986)。Problem-solving in science education。Studies in Science Education，13，70-75。  new window
9.Hackling, M. W.、Lawrence, J. A.(1988)。Expert and novice solutions of genetics pedigree problems。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，25(7)，531-546。  new window
10.Kindfield, A. C. H.(1994)。Understanding a basic biological process: Expert and novice model of meiosis。Science Education，78(3)，255-283。  new window
11.Moll, M. B.、Alien, R. D.(1987)。Student difficulties with Mendelian genetics problems。The American Biology Teacher，49，229-233。  new window
12.Shavelson, R. J.、Carey, N. B.、Webb, N. M.(1990)。Indicators of science achievement: Options for a powerful policy instrument。Phi Delta Kappan，71(9)，692-697。  new window
13.Slack, S.、Stewart, J.(1990)。High school student's problem solving performance on realistic genetics problems。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，27(1)，55-67。  new window
14.Smith, M. U.(1988)。Successful and unsuccessful problem solving in classical genetic pedigrees。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，25(6)，411-433。  new window
15.Smith, M. U.(1990)。Knowledge structures and the nature of expertise in classical genetics。Cognition and Instruction，7(4)，287-302。  new window
16.Smith, M. U.(1992)。Expertise and the organization of knowledge: unexpected differences among genetic counselors, faculty, and students on problem categorization tasks。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，29(2)，179-205。  new window
17.Smith, M. U.、Good, R.(1984)。Problem solving and classical genetics: Successful versus unsuccessful performance。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，21(9)，895-912。  new window
18.Stewart, J.(1982)。Two aspects of meaningful problem solving in science。Science Education，66(5)，731-749。  new window
19.Stewart, J.(1983)。Student problem solving in high school genetics。Science Education，67(4)，523-540。  new window
20.Stewart, J. H.、Atkin, J. A.(1982)。Information processing psychology; A promising paradigm for research in science teaching。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，19(4)，312-321。  new window
21.Stewart, J.、Hafner, R.(1991)。Extending the conception of "problem" in problem solving research。Science Education，75(1)，105-120。  new window
22.Stewart, J.、Kirk, J. V.(1990)。Understanding and problem-solving in classical genetics。International Journal of Science Education，12(5)，575-588。  new window
23.Uno, G. E.、Bybee, R. W.(1994)。Understanding the dimensions of biology literacy。BioScience，44(8)，553-557。  new window
24.黃臺珠(19901000)。中學生遺傳相關概念錯誤類型的探討。科學教育，133，34-53。  延伸查詢new window
25.Hackling, M. W.、Treagust, D.(1984)。Research data necessary for meaningful review of grade ten high school genetics curriculum。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，21(2)，197-209。  new window
26.Kindfield, A. C. H.(1991)。Confusing chromosome number and structure: A common student error。Journal of Biological Education，25(3)，193-200。  new window
27.Mertens, T. R.、Hendrix, J. R.(1990)。The popular press, scientific literacy in human genetics, and bioethical decision-making。School Science and Mathematics，90(4)，317-322。  new window
28.楊坤原、鄭湧涇(19960900)。高一學生認知風格、認知策略與遺傳學學習成就的關係。科學教育學刊，4(2)，135-159。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.Hackling, M. W.(1986)。Hypothesis testing strategies used in the solution of genetics pedigrees。The Annual Meeting of the American Education Research Association，(會議日期: April 16-20, 1986)。San Francisco。  new window
2.Hackling, M. W.(1994)。Application of genetics knowledge to the solution of pedigree problems。The 25th Annual Conference of the Australian Science Education Conference，(會議日期: July, 1994)。Holsait Tasmonia。  new window
3.Smith, M. U.(1986)。Organization of classical genetics problem by faculty problem solvers。The Annual Conventions of the Society of College Science Teachers and the National Science Teachers Association，(會議日期: March 27, 1986)。San Francisco, CA。  new window
學位論文
1.林宏一(1990)。大一與高三學生「化學平衡」解題過程與行為之分析(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳昭錦(1993)。高三資優學生「水溶液中的化學平衡」解題之個案研究(碩士論文)。國立師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Glynn, S. M.、Yeany, R. H.、Britton, B. K.(1991)。The psychology of learning science。Hillsdale, New Jersey：Larwence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers。  new window
2.Hayes, J. R.(1989)。The Complete Problem Solver。Hillsdale, New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publisher。  new window
3.Smith, M. U.(1991)。Toward a Unified Theory of Problem Solving。Hillsdale, New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers。  new window
4.Gagné, E. D.、Yekovich, C. W.、Yekovich, F. R.(1993)。The cognitive psychology of school learning。New York, NY：Harper Collins College Publishers。  new window
5.Gagne, R. M.(1985)。The Conditions of Learning。New York, NY：Holt, Rinehart and Winston。  new window
6.Mayer, Richard E.(1992)。Thinking, problem solving, cognition。W. H. Freeman and Company：Times Books：Henry Holt & Company。  new window
7.Newell, A. J.、Simon, H. A.(1972)。Human problem solving。Prentice-Hall。  new window
單篇論文
1.Holyoak, V. M.(1990)。Students' cognitive styles and their use of problem-solving heuristics and metacognitive processes(347 069)。  new window
其他
1.行政院國家科學委員會生物教育學門資源整合規劃小組(1993)。學門資源整合規劃資料--生物教育。  延伸查詢new window
2.Smith, M. U.(1983)。A comparative analysis of the performance of experts and novices while solving selected classical genetics problems。  new window
圖書論文
1.Atkinson, R. C.、Shiffrin, R. M.(1968)。Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes。The psychology of learning and motivation。New York：Academic Press。  new window
2.Champagne, A. B.(1988)。Definition and assessment of the higher-order cognitive skills。National Association for Research in Science Teaching, Research Matter...To the Science Teacher。  new window
3.Chi, M. T. H.、Glaser, R.(1985)。Problem-solving ability。Human ability: An information-processing approach。New York：W. H. Freeman and Company。  new window
4.Glaser, R.(1987)。Learning theory and theories of knowledge。Learning and instruction。Oxford：Pergmon Books Ltd：Leuven University Press。  new window
5.Helgeson, S. L.(1994)。Research on problem solving: Middle school。Handbook of research on science teaching and learning。New York：Macmillan Publishing Company。  new window
6.Larkin, J. H.(1983)。The role of problem representation in physics。Mental Models。Hillsdale; New Jersey：Erlbaum Associates, Publishers。  new window
7.Omstein, P. A.(1990)。Knowledge and strategies: A discussion。Interactions among aptitudes, strategies, and knowledge in cognitive performance。New York：Berlin：Heidelberg：Springer-Verlag。  new window
8.Resnick, L. B.(1992)。Education and learning to think。Scope, sequence, and coordination of secondary school science。Washington, D. C.：The National Science Teachers Association。  new window
9.Siegler, R. S.(1985)。Encoding and the development of problem solving。Thinking and learning skills。Hillsdale, New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers。  new window
10.Stewart, J.、Hafner, R.(1994)。Research on problem solving: Genetics。Handbook of research on science teaching and learning。New York：Macmillan Publishing Company。  new window
11.VanLehn, K.(1989)。Problem solving and cognitive skill acquisition。Foundations of cognitive science。Cambridge, MA：MIT Press。  new window
12.Chi, M. T. H.、Glaser, R.、Rees, E.(1982)。Expertise in problem solving。Advances in the psychology of human intelligence。Hillsdale, New Jersey：Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers。  new window
 
 
 
 
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