國家製圖機構為國家主要之製圖部門，大部分的國家均只有一個國家製圖機構，其角色為擔任國家領域內之地圖測製。空間資訊主要源自於各項地圖資料，其在國家現代化發展過程中，為空間管理與空間決策所不可或缺之重要項目，因其為一切建設之根本，故各國莫不傾全力投入發展，特別是國家製圖機構功能之加強，因其為各項地理資訊系統發展之基礎。我國目前並無國家製圖機構之設立，各種地圖分別由不同之政府製圖機構進行；因此本文即以製圖之觀點來討論國家製圖機構之角色及其功能，期對該機構有一完整瞭解，以助於未來我國國家製圖機構設立之參考。

National mapping organization is the authorized agency of executing national mapping. There has only one national mapping organization in most countries. Its role was act as the mapping of national territory. Spatial information was derived and transformed largely from map data, that was indispensable part in the process of spatial management and decision-making in national development, then it is the main portion in national progress in all countries. There fore, the organization will be promoted to the core area, and be sustained by abundant resources to strengthen its functions, so the applications of geographic information systems would be effectively supported. At the present time, there has no truly national mapping organization in Republic of China (ROC), governmental mapping are prepared by separate agencies, The goal of this paper is based on the viewpoint of cartography to discuss the role and functions of national mapping organization, thus could know its importance well. This will be helpful in the setting up of our national mapping organization in the future.