| 期刊論文| 1. | Clough, E.、Driver, R.(1986)。A study of consistency in the use of students, frameworks across different task contexts。Science Education，70，473-496。   | | 2. | Osborne, R. J.、Cosgrove, M. M.(1983)。Children's conceptions of the change of state of water。Journal of Research in Science Teaching，20(9)，825-835。 | | 3. | McDermott, L. C.(1984)。Research on conceptual understanding in mechanics。Physics Today，37(7)，24-32。 | | 4. | Reif, F.(1987)。Interpretation of scientific or mathematical concepts: Cognitive issues and instructional implications。Cognitive Science，11，395-416。 | | 5. | Brown, A.(1988)。Motivation to learn and understand: On taking charge of one own learning。Cognition and Instruction，5，311-321。 | | 6. | Slavin, R. E.(1984)。Students motivating students to excel: Cooperative incentives, cooperative tasks, and student achievement。The Elementary School Journal，85(1)，53-63。 | | 7. | Yager, R. E.(199109)。A constructivist learning model。Science Teacher，53-57。 | | 8. | Solomon, J.(1987)。Social influences on the construction of pupils' understanding of science。Studies in Science Education，14(1)，63-82。 | | 9. | Fisher, K. M.、Lipson, J. I.(1985)。Information processing interpretation of errors in college science learning。Instructional science，14(1)，49-74。 | | 10. | Brown, John Seely、Collins, Allan、Duguid, Paul(1989)。Situated Cognition and the Culture of Learning。Educational Researcher，18(1)，32-42。 | 會議論文| 1. | Hatano, G.、Inagaki, K.(1991)。Motivation for collective comprehension activity in Japanese classrooms。The annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association。Chicago, IL。 | 圖書| 1. | Davies, I. K.(1981)。Instructional technique。New York：Mcgraw-Hill。 | | 2. | Brophy, J.(1986)。Teacher effects research and teacher quality。San Francisco, CA.。 | | 3. | Harel, I.、Papert, S.(1991)。Software designs as a learning environment Constructionism: Research reports and essays, 1985-1990。Norwood, NJ：Ablex。 | | 4. | Clark, Leonard H.、Starr, Irving S.(1986)。Secondary and middle school teaching methods。New York：Macmillan Publishing Company。 | | 5. | Bayer, A. S.(1990)。Collaborative-apprenticeship learning: Language and thinking across the curriculum, K-12。London。 | | 6. | Lemke, Jay L.(1990)。Talking science: Language, learning, and values。Ablex。 | | 7. | Rogoff, Barbara(1990)。Apprenticeship in Thinking: Cognitive Development in Social Context。Cambridge University Press。 | | 8. | Strauss, Anselm Leonard、Corbin, J.(1987)。Qualitative analysis for social scientists。Cambridge University Press。 | 圖書論文| 1. | Clement, J.(1983)。A conceptual model discussed by Galileo and used intuitively by physics students。Mental Models。Hillsdale, NJ。 | | 2. | Green, B. F.、McClosky, M.、Caramazza, A.(1985)。The relation of knowledge to problem solving, with examples from kinematics。Thinking and Learning Skills。Hillsdale, NJ。 | | 3. | Yackel, E.、Cobb, P.、Wood, T.、Wheatley, G.、Merkel, G.(1990)。The importance of social interaction in children construction of mathematical knowledge。1990 Yearbook of the National Council Teachers of Mathematics。Reston, VA：NCTM。 | |