本文旨在探討佛教南宗禪洪州宗對白居易（ 772-846 ）「中隱」說及唐東都閑適 詩人群之影響。全文分為三部分。 第一部分考論道一（ 709-788 ）在牛頭、石頭諸祖之影 響下，於大曆 7 年至 10 年間（ 772-775 ）開創洪州宗，提出「平常心是道」之中心命題 ，消除了自然人性與清淨佛性的對立，將般若世俗化與實踐化。第二部分考述白居易與洪州 及牛頭、石頭諸多禪僧之交往及其「中隱」說之提出。此說融合儒道釋，而以「平常心是道 」說為基礎，形成一種新居士精神，強調身與心之自然合一，與傳統朝隱觀之強調身與心的 分離不同。中隱之士在洛陽擔任閑官，在私家園林中過著適意任心的生活，寫著怡樂閑適的 詩歌，同時還獲得精神上的超脫體驗。第三部分論述「中隱」說對東都閑適詩人群的影響。 白居易於 829-846 年間中隱東都時，許多士大夫追隨他， 從而形成一個以老人及閑官為主 體之詩人群， 包括劉禹錫（ 772-842 ）、李紳（ 772-846 ）、裴度（ 765-839 ）、牛僧 孺（ 780-848 ）等重要人物。這一詩人群的生活情趣與創作傾向皆與白居易接近。

　　　　　In this article, I propose to describe the relationship between the Hung-chou Branch of the Southern School of Ch'an Buddhism and the group of leisurely poets in Lo-yang, the eastern capital of the T'ang Dynasty, of which Pai Chu-i (772-846) was the central figure. Since there are still many unresolved questions about the Hung-chou Branch, I begin with a study of this branch. First, drawing upon available Ch'an Buddhist sources, I am able to fix the dates for the establishment of the Hung-chou Branch by Tao-i (709-788) at 772-775. Second, I define the basic concept of the branch as "ordinary human nature is Buddha-nature," which posits that human nature, good or evil, equals Buddha-nature, making Ch'an Buddhism a practice of acquiring transcendent experience through secular life. Third, based on concrete evidence, I propose that Tao-i was profoundly influenced by the Ch'an patriarchs of the Niu-t'ou and Shih-t'ou Branches. The second part of the article explains how this basic concept of Hung-chou Ch'an influenced Pai Chu-i's concept of "the middling hermit." The traditional idea of "eremitism in officialdom" emphasized the detachment of mind from body--the body at the court and the mind in the mountains. Pai wiped out this detachment and recombined the mind and body into one. "The middling hermit" occupied a leisurely official post in Lo-yang and led a comfortable and self-indulgent life in his private garden, writing joyful poems, yet acquiring transcendent experience of eremitism. This concept of eremitism was supported by the Ch'an thought of the Hung-chou Branch. The third part of the article describes the impact of Pai's concept on the group of leisurely poets in Lo-yang. While Pai was a "middling hermit" there from 829 to 846, many official-poets followed him, forming a poets' group that included great names such as Liu Yu-hsi (772-842), Li Shen (772-846), P'ei Tu (765-839) and Niu Seng-ju (780-848). The life styles and poetry of the members of this group show the same inclinations as those of Pai Chu-i.