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引文資料
題名:
象限訊息對視覺辨識之影響
書刊名:
中華心理學刊
作者:
唐大崙
/
黃榮村
作者(外文):
Tang, Daren
/
Huang, Jong-tsun
出版日期:
1998
卷期:
40:2
頁次:
頁177-193
主題關鍵詞:
傅立業轉換
;
振幅頻譜
;
相位頻譜
;
象限頻譜
;
隨機點立體圖
;
Fourier transform
;
Amplitude spectrum
;
Phase spectrum
;
Quadrant spectrum
;
Random-dot stereogram
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
2
) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
2
共同引用:0
點閱:159
視覺刺激的傅立業轉換包含振幅頻譜與相位頻譜。就視覺的辨認而言,相位頻譜 的重要性又大於振幅頻譜( Oppenheim & Lim,1981 )。然也有研究指出 90 度以內的相 位扭曲並不影響形狀辨識( Caelli & Bevan,1982; Piotrowski & Campbell,1982 ) 。本研究首先在實驗一與實驗二中,以中文字辨識與隨機點立體圖辨識作業,再度確定視覺 系統可以容忍的相位扭曲程度至少為 90 度,甚至可達 120 度。 本研究再將傅立業轉換中 的相位頻譜進一步細分出象限頻譜(亦即只有傅立業轉換的實部正負號與虛部正負號的訊息 ),與限制在〔 0, π /2 〕範圍內的「直角相位」頻譜。本文利用頻譜成份對調的方式, 企圖說明影像的輪廓訊息與像差訊息可能主要由象限頻譜所攜帶。 這些結果不只符合 Pollen 與 Ronner ( 1981 )的想法,也說明容忍差距 90 度的相位訊息處理機制, 可能 延伸到 V1、V2 或更高的皮質區域。亦即初級視覺皮質區的視經細胞可能以 90 度相位角為 區隔基礎,並允許區隔內之刺激相對於原相位角± 45 度內產生空間位移,仍不影響該神經 細胞原來的興奮或抑制反應組型,而在計算上達成抽取邊界訊息、抗拒 90 度相位扭曲,並 保持相位訊息比振幅訊息優勢的目標。
以文找文
Fourier transform comprises two major components, i.e., amplitude spectra and phase spectra. Phase information seems to be more critical than its amplitude counterpart in preserving visual information (Oppenheim & Lim, 1981). However, previous studies also suggested that phase distortion within 90 degrees does not hamper sucessful recognition of well-defined forms. Experiments 1 & 2 were designed to test this psychophysical reality. The results turn out to be a confirmation. The admissible phase distortion can even be extended to an extent of 120 degrees. In the present study, phase spectrum is further decomposed into a combination of quadrant spectrum and rectangular phase spectrum (0- π /2). A series of simulations are then conducted on Chinese characters, human faces, and random-dot stereograms. The results indicate the following assertions: (1) Visual contour can be retrieved mainly from the information provided by the quadrant spectrum. (2) Any degree of distortion in te assigned rectangular phase spectrum does not prevent a successful 3D emergence from perceiving random-dot stereograms. However, the distortion of quadrant spectrum will severely eliminate a successful 3D reconstruction in perceiving the stereo pair. This implies that identical phase processing mechanism with a tolerance of distortion within 90 degrees may operate in V1 as well as V2 or higher cortical regions. (3) Although Fourier analysis is performed by extracting global properties from the presented stimuli, however, one of its critical component, i.e., quadrant spectrum, is manifesting like a local neuron. We then suggest a plausible explanation to establish the link.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Blakemore, C.、Campbell, F. W.(1969)。On the existence of neurons in the human visual system selectively sensitive to the orientation and size of retinal images。Journal of Physiology,203,237-260。
2.
Livingstone, M. S.、Hubei, D. H.(1987)。Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth。The Journal of neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience,7(11),3416-3468。
3.
Atkinson, J.、Campbell, F. W.(1974)。The effect of phase on the perception of compound gratings。Vision Research,14,159-162。
4.
Barlow, H. B.(1989)。Unsupervised learning。Neural Computation,1,295-311。
5.
Blakemore, C.、Sutton, P.(1969)。Size adaptation: A new aftereffect。Science,166,245-247。
6.
Burr, D. C.、Morrone, M. C.、Spinelli, D.(1989)。Evidence for edge and bar detectors in human vision。Vision Research,29,419-431。
7.
Caelli, T.、Bevan, P.(1982)。Visual sensitivity to two dimensional spatial phase。Journal of the Optical Society of America,72,1375-1381。
8.
Campbell, F. W. C.、Robson, J. G.(1968)。Application of Fourier analysis to the visibility of gratings。Journal of Physiology,197,551-566。
9.
De Valois, K. K.、De Valois, R. L.、Yund, E. W.(1979)。Responses of striate cortex cells to grating and checkerboard patterns。The Journal of Physiology,291,483-505。
10.
Felleman, D. J.、Van Essen, D. C.(1987)。Receptive field properties of neurons in area V3 of macaque monkey extrastriate cortex。Journal of Neurophysiology,57,889-920。
11.
Glezer, V. D.、Ivanoff, V. A.、Tscherbach, T. A.(1973)。Investigation of complex and hypercomplex receptive fields of visual cortex of the cat as spatial frequency filters。Vision Research,13,1875-1904。
12.
Glezer, V. D.、Yakovlev, V. V.、Gauzelman, V. E.(1989)。Harmonic basis function for spatial coding in the cat striate cortex。Visual Neuroscience,3,351-363。
13.
Graham, N.、Nachmias, J.(1971)。Detection of grating patterns containing two spatial frequencies: a comparison of single-channel and multiple-channels models。Vision Research,11,251-259。
14.
Helstrom, C. W.(1966)。An expansion of a signal in Gaussian elementary signals。IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,13,81-82。
15.
Hubel, D. H.、Wiesel, T. N.(1961)。Receptive field, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat's visual cortex。Journal of Physiology,160,106-154。
16.
Hubel, D. H.、Wiesel, T. N.(1970)。Stereoscopic vision in macaque monkey。Nature,225,41-42。
17.
Maffei, L.、Morrone, C.、Pirchio, M.、Sandini, G.(1979)。Responses of visual cortical cells to periodic and non-periodic stimuli。Journal of Physiology,296,27-47。
18.
Maunsell, J. H. R.、Van Essen, D. C.(1983)。Functional properties of neurons in middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey. II. Binocular interactions and sensitivity to binocular disparity。Journal of Neurophysiology,49,1148-1167。
19.
Ohzawa, I.、DeAngelis, G. C.、Freeman, R. D.(1990)。Stereoscopic depth discrimination in the visual cortex: Neurons ideally suited as disparity detectors。Science,249,1037-1041。
20.
Oppenheim, A. V.、Lim, J. S.(1981)。The importance of phase in signals。Proceedings of the IEEE,69,529-541。
21.
Oppenheim, A. V.、Lim, J. S.、Curtis, S. R.(1983)。Signal synthesis and reconstruction from partial Fourier-domain information。Journal of the Optical Society of America,73,1413-1420。
22.
Piotrowski, L. N.、Campbell, F. W.(1982)。A demonstration of the visual importance and flexibility of spatial-frequency amplitude and phase。Perception,11,337-346。
23.
Poggio, G. F.、Talbot, W. H.(1981)。Mechanism of static and dynamic stereopsis in foveal cortex of the rhesus monkey。Journal of Physiology,315,469-492。
24.
Pollen, D. A.、Ronner, S. F.(1981)。Phase relationships between adjacent simple cells in the visual cortex。Science,212,1409-1411。
25.
Pollen, D. A.、Ronner, S. F.(1982)。Spatial computation performed by simple and complex cells in the visual cortex of the cat。Vision Research,22,101-118。
26.
Pollen, D. A.、Ronner, S. F.(1983)。Visual Cortical Neurons as Localized Spatial Frequency Filters。IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, & Cybernetics,13,907-916。
27.
Royer, F. L.、Rzeszotarski, M. S.、Gilmore, G. C.(1983)。Application of Two-dimensional Fourier Transforms to Problems of Visual Perception。Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation,15,319-326。
圖書
1.
De Valois, R. L.、De Valois, K. K.(1988)。Spatial vision。New York, NY:Oxford University Press。
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