In September 1998, the Ministry of Education of Taiwan promulgated "The General Guidelines for the Consistent 9-year Curriculum of Elementary and Junior High Schools," which will be implemented in 2001. In November 1998, the Ministry of Education of Japan also promulgated curriculum guidelines for elementary and junior high schools, which will be implemented in 2002. These new curriculum guidelines of the two countries, show that the curriculum reform in Taiwan will be progressive while curriculum reform in Japan will be conservative in the near future. On curriculum objective: Taiwan's new curriculum guideline emphasizes the ten general curriculum objectives and the ten "basic abilities" to be the base of curriculum development of all subjects. Japan's new curriculum guidelines still list the objectives according to the subjects and the grades. On curriculum integration: Taiwan's new curriculum guideline emphasizes the curriculum integration through adopting the idea of "learning fields." Japan's new curriculum guidelines continue to use the idea of "subject" to construct the curriculum framework, but it also establishes the "period for integrated study" to implement the integrated curriculum. On curriculum articulation: Taiwan's new curriculum guideline emphasizes curriculum articulation by adopting the framework of consistent 9-year curriculum (from 1st grade to 9th grade). In Japan's new curriculum guidelines, the curriculum articulation through the overall curriculum planning by the Curriculum Council and the consistent form in both the curriculum guidelines for elementary schools and lower secondary schools. The implementation of the progressive ideas in Taiwan's new curriculum guideline, such as "basic ability," "learning field," "integrated curriculum" and "school-based curriculum development," should be evaluated in the near future to improve the profession of curriculum development.